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Bartomeu Massuti
Moderator of
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OA12 - Profiling the Multidisciplinary Management of Stage III NSCLC (ID 144)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Treatment of Locoregional Disease - NSCLC
- Presentations: 9
- Now Available
- Moderators:Dirk De Ruysscher, Bartomeu Massuti
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 15:45 - 17:15, Seoul (2007)
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OA12.01 - PCI for Radically Treated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Using Updated Individual Patient Data of Randomized Trials (Now Available) (ID 2624)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Willem Witlox | Author(s): Dirk De Ruysscher, Benjamin Lacas, Cecile Le Pechoux, Jean-Pierre Pignon, Matthias Guckenberger, Alexander Sun, Mary Redman, Si-Yu Wang, Chen Hu, Vincent Van Der Noort, Ning Li, Harm Van Tinteren, Harry JM Groen, Manuela Joore, Bram Ramaekers
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
In localized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) reduced the incidence of brain metastases (BM) (relative risk 0.35), but without a demonstrated effect on overall survival (OS). This may be due to the small sample size in these individual randomized clinical trials (RCTs).
Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of PCI on long term OS for radically treated stage III NSCLC patients compared to observation using updated individual patient data (IPD) from RCTs.
Method
The main endpoint was OS and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), BM-free survival (BMFS) and toxicity. All analyses were performed based on the intention-to-treat principle. The median follow-up was estimated using the inverse Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank observed minus expected number of events and its variance were used to calculate individual and overall pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) with a fixed effects model. Heterogeneity was studied using the Cochrane test and I2. Survival curves and 5-year difference between arms were estimated using the Peto method. Interaction between prognostic factors (age, performance status, and histology) and treatment allocation were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Toxicities grade ≥ 3 were reported descriptively.
Result
Data on four of the seven eligible trials (SWOG 8300, RTOG 0214, Guangzhou 2005 and NVALT-11) were available for this IPD meta-analysis. In total, 924 patients were analyzed of which 68% was male, median age was 61 years, 94% of the patients had a performance status ≤ 1 and 37% had squamous histology. The median follow-up was 8.1 years. All trials provided sufficient IPD for the three endpoints, except for the SWOG 8300 trial (OS only). This trial explained inter-trial heterogeneity. Because of the qualitative interaction with the other trials (p=0.0062) it was separately analyzed (N=254). Compared to observation, OS was significantly lower for PCI in the SWOG 8300 trial (HR 1.38, 95% CI [1.07 to 1.79] p=0.013, 5-year absolute difference -0.9%, 95% CI [-5.9 to 4.1]). However, for the other trials (N=670) no significant OS difference was observed (HR 0.90, 95% CI [0.76 to 1.07] p=0.228, 5-year absolute difference 1.8%, 95% CI [-5.2 to 8.8]). PFS (HR 0.78, 95% CI [0.65 to 0.92] p=0.004, 5-year absolute difference 4.8%, 95% CI [-1.2 to 10.8]) and BMFS (0.38, 95% CI [0.27 to 0.53] p<0.001, 5-year absolute difference 20.7%, 95% CI [12.2 to 29.2]) were significantly higher in the PCI arm. There was no interaction between prognostic factors and treatment allocation for OS. Toxicity data for the PCI arm was available in all trials except the SWOG 8300 trial. The total number of patients with at least one grade ≥3 toxicity (for the adverse events pre-specified in the protocol) in the PCI arm was 19/456, including 11/86 in the NVALT-11 trial. Toxicity for the observation arm was only available in the NVALT-11 trial, including 4/88 patients with at least one grade ≥3 toxicity.
Conclusion
Although PFS and BM-free survival were improved for patients who received PCI, no significant PCI benefit for OS was observed.
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OA12.02 - Randomized Phase II Study of CDDP+S-1 vs CDDP+PEM Combined with Thoracic RT for Locally Advanced Non-Sq NSCLC: SPECTRA Study (Now Available) (ID 428)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Takashi Seto | Author(s): Seiji Niho, Tatsuya Yoshida, Tetsuo Akimoto, Kentaro Sakamaki, Akira Ono, Makoto Nishio, Noboru Yamamoto, Toyoaki Hida, Hiroaki Okamoto, Takayasu Kurata, Yoshihiro Hattori, Koichi Goto, Takeharu Yamanaka, Yuichiro Ohe
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
SPECTRA, a multicenter, randomized phase II study of CDDP+S-1 versus CDDP+pemetrexed (PEM) combined with thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) for locally advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), previously reported that toxicities were tolerable and manageable in both arms; however, febrile neutropenia was more frequently observed in the CDDP+S-1 arm (9.6%/2%). Completion rate of TRT (60Gy) and chemotherapy (4 cycles) was 92%/98% and 73%/86%, respectively. Response rate was 60%/64% (WCLC 2017, MA17.06). Here, we present primary analysis of 2-year survival data.
Method
Patients were randomly assigned to receive CDDP+S-1 (CDDP 60mg/m2, d1, and S-1 80mg/m2, d1-14, q4w, up to 4 cycles) or CDDP+PEM (CDDP 75mg/m2, d1, and PEM 500mg/m2, d1, q3w, up to 4 cycles) combined with TRT 60Gy in 30 fractions. The primary endpoint was 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate. The sample size was set at 100 patients.
Result
Between Jan 2013 and Oct 2016, 102 patients were enrolled in this study from 9 institutions in Japan. All 102 patients were eligible and assessable, of whom 52 were assigned to CDDP+S-1 and 50 to CDDP+PEM. Baseline characteristics were similar (CDDP+S-1/CDDP+PEM): median age (range) 64.5 (39-73)/63.5 (32-74) years; women, n=17 (33%)/n=17 (34%); stage IIIB, n=21 (40%)/n=20 (40%); ECOG PS of 1, n=14 (27%)/n=14 (28%); never smoker, n=12 (23%)/n=12 (24%); and adenocarcinoma, n=47(90%)/n=45(90%); activating EGFR mutation, n=9 (17%)/n=4 (8%); ALK fusion, n=2 (4%)/n=3 (6%). A total of 72 PFS events were observed at the data cut-off (28 November 2018). After a median follow-up of 32.1 months, median PFS was 12.7/13.8 months (HR=1.16, 95% CI, 0.73-1.84, p=0.538), and 2-year PFS rate was 36.5% (95% CI, 23.5-49.6)/32.1% (95%CI, 18.9-45.4). Disease progression was observed in 33 and 36 patients. Distant metastases were the first site of failure in 24 and 31 patients. Local relapse as the first site of failure was observed in 14 and 13 patients. After a median follow-up of 34.6 months, 44 OS events were observed. Median OS was 48.3/59.1 months (HR=1.05, 95%CI, 0.58-1.90, p=0.883), and 2-year OS rate was 69.2% (95%CI, 56.7-81.8)/66.4% (95%CI, 53.0-79.9). 27 patients in each arm received post-study chemotherapy including EGFR-TKIs (n=7/n=5), ALK-TKIs (n=0/n=3), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (n=6/n=10).
Conclusion
2-year PFS rate in the CDDP+S-1 arm was better than that in the CDDP+PEM arm. We will select the CDDP+S-1 arm as the investigational arm in a future phase III study. UMIN000009914 (release date: 31/Jan/2013)
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OA12.03 - Initial Reporting of NRG-LU001, Randomized Phase II Trial of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy +/- Metformin HCL in Locally Advanced NSCLC (Now Available) (ID 1868)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Heath Skinner | Author(s): Chen Hu, Theodoros Tsakiridis, Rafael Santana-Davila, Bo Lu, Jeremy Erasmus, Anthony Doemer, Gregory Videtic, James Coster, Alex Xuexhong Yang, Richard Lee, Maria Werner Wasik, Phillip Schaner, Steven McCormack, Benjamin Esparaz, Rondal McGarry, Jose Bazan, Timothy Stuve, Jeffrey D Bradley
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
Preclinical and retrospective clinical data, have shown that metformin, an inexpensive diabetes drug, has the potential to improve response to chemotherapy and radiation in several solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These findings led to NRG-LU001, a multi-institutional, international randomized Phase II clinical trial to determine whether metformin can improve outcomes of curative chemoradiation (CRT) in locally advanced NSCLC (LA-NSCLC).
Method
Unresectable stage IIIA/B NSCLC patients were randomized to either concurrent chemoradiation to 60 Gy with weekly carboplatin-paclitaxel (CP), followed by consolidation CP (Control) or the same regimen combined with metformin (2000 mg/day) (Experimental). The primary endpoint was 1-year progression free survival (PFS). PFS and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier. Time to loco-regional progression (TTLRP) or distant metastasis (TTDM) were estimated using the cumulative incidence method. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using CTCAE v4.0.
Result
170 patients were randomized between Aug. 2014-Dec. 2016, with planned analysis at 102 events. No significant difference in toxicity was observed between Control and Experimental arms. 1- and 2-year PFS was 60.4% (95% CI: 48.5, 70.4) and 40.1% (95% CI: 29.0, 51.0) in Control vs 51.3% (95% CI: 39.8, 61.7) and 34.5% (95% CI: 24.2, 45.1) in the Experimental arm (multivariable Cox proportional HR=1.20 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.78), p=0.36). On multivariable analysis including treatment arm, performance status, histology and stage, only higher stage (IIIA vs. IIIB) was associated with worse PFS (HR 1.79, 95% CI:1.19, 2.69, p=0.0054). OS at 2 years was 65.4% (95% CI: 53.5, 75.0) for Control vs 64.9% (95% CI: 53.1, 74.5) for the Metformin arm (HR=1.03 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.68)), while deaths due to disease were 90% vs 71%, respectively. No significant differences were found for TTLRP (HR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.79, p=0.98) or TTDM (1.38, 95% CI: 0.76, 2.5, p=0.29). 63.4% of patients in the experimental arm received the complete course of metformin, with the most common cause of discontinuation being side effects or complications (13.4%).
Conclusion
In NRG-LU001, concurrent CRT and metformin presented no noticeable safety concerns. However, this combination failed to improve PFS at the hypothesized effect size. Additionally, no effect on OS or patterns of failure were identified. Blinded central review of imaging based PFS is ongoing. Somewhat unexpectedly, 37% of patients did not complete the prescribed course of metformin. Additionally, deaths due to disease were less in the experimental arm compared to control.
Acknowledgements: This project was supported by National Cancer Institute (NCI) grants: U10CA180868 (NRG Oncology Operations), U10CA180822 (NRG SDMC), UG1CA189867 (NCORP), U24CA180803 (IROC). HS and TT are Co-Principal Investigators in this trial.
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OA12.04 - Discussant - OA12.01, OA12.02, OA12.03 (Now Available) (ID 3789)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Everett E. Vokes
- Abstract
- Presentation
Abstract not provided
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OA12.05 - Imaging-Guided Target Volume Reduction in Radiotherapy of Lung Cancer: The Prospective Randomized Multinational PET-Plan Trial (Now Available) (ID 2558)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Eleni Gkika | Author(s): Ursula Nestle, Tanja Schimek-Jasch, Stephanie Kremp, Andrea Schaefer, Andreas Kuesters, Marco Tosch, Thomas Hehr, Martina Eschmann, Yves-Pierre Bultel, Peter Hass, Jochen Fleckenstein, Alexander Thieme, Marcus Stockinger, Matthias Miederer, Gabriele Holl, Christian Rischke, Sonja Adebahr, Jochem Koenig, Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
Advanced medical imaging offers a chance for target volume reduction in modern radiotherapy, which may lead to more effective local treatments with reduced toxicity and offer the protection of draining lymph nodes and large vessels, possibly of importance for the upcoming combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with improvable local control and high toxicity is an excellent model to investigate this topic.
Method
In the prospective randomised controlled PET-Plan trial (NCT00697333), patients with inoperable stage II/III NSCLC and an indication for radiochemotherapy were randomized at a 1:1 ratio. In conventional arm A target volumes were informed by FDG-PET and CT plus elective nodal irradiation and in experimental arm B they were solely informed by FDG-PET. In both arms, quality assured isotoxically dose-escalated IMRT or 3D-CRT (60 - 74Gy, 2Gy per fraction) was planned and applied to the respective target volumes along with simultaneous platinum-based chemotherapy. The primary objective was time to locoregional progression (LRP) in terms of non-inferiority of experimental arm B.
Result
311 patients were recruited, 205 patients included in the intent to treat (ITT) (A: n=99, B: n=106) and 172 patients in the per protocol (PP) analysis (A: n=84, B: n=88). Median FU time in the PP set was 16 months. Non-inferiority of experimental arm B was confirmed for the pre-specified non-inferiority margin. The risk of LRP was lower in the experimental arm B (2y-LRP 0.20 vs. 0.39; HR=0·57; 95% CI: 0·30–1·06; p=0·039) with no difference between study arms concerning survival (2y-OS 0.57 vs. 0.54), out-field recurrence and toxicity.
Conclusion
In radiochemotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC PET-Imaging based reduction of radiotherapy target volumes is feasible and may improve local control without increasing toxicity. However, in this trial there was no impact on survival. The procedures established in this clinical trial provide a radiotherapy standard for future NSCLC-trials including immunotherapy and may furthermore inspire trials on imaging based target volume reduction for other types of tumours.
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OA12.06 - A Prospective Randomized Phase Ⅲ Study of Precise PORT for Patients with pⅢA-N2 NSCLC After Complete Resection and Adjuvant Chemotherapy (Now Available) (ID 2487)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Zhouguang Hui | Author(s): Yu Men, Chen Hu, zongmei Zhou, Jun Liang, qinfu Feng, Bi Nan, Xin Wang, Dongfu Chen, zefen Xiao, Jima Lv, Lei Deng, Tao Zhang, wenqing Wang, Shugeng Gao, Jie He, Luhua Wang
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
For patients with completely resected pⅢA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is not well defined. 3D-conformal or simplified intensity modulated radiotherapy (3D-CRT/sIMRT) can precisely deliver high dose to the target volume while decreasing the toxicity of normal tissues, which may improve the treatment outcomes. This phase III randomized clinical trial (NCT00880971) is designed to evaluate the effect of precise PORT on survival and failure pattern in patients with pⅢA-N2 NSCLC after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Method
After complete resection and four cycles of platinum based chemotherapy, patients with pⅢA-N2 NSCLC were randomized equally into PORT group or observation group. Using 3D-CRT/sIMRT techniques, PORT of 50 Gy by 25 fractions was given to the ipsilateral hilum, subcarinal region and ipsilateral mediastinum. The primary endpoint was disease free survival (DFS). Secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS), loco-regional recurrence free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) and toxicity. Targeted accrue was 360 patients. With at least 230 DFS events it was designed to detect an improvement in 3-year DFS from 30% to 44% (equivalent to HR=0.69) at 1-sided type 1 error of 0.025 with 80% power. Intent-to-treat populations is used for primary analyses, supplemented with sensitivity analyses using per-protocol population. Log-rank test is used for time-to-event data comparisons.
Result
Between Jan. 2009 and Dec. 2017, 364 consecutive eligible patients were randomized, including 184 in the PORT group and 180 in the observation group. For this initial reporting of planned final analysis, as Jan 31, 2019, 230 DFS events were reported and the median follow up time was 53.3 months. The clinical features were comparable between the two groups. The 3-year DFS rates in PORT and observation were 42.7% vs. 34.5% (mDFS: 26.5 vs 22.7 months, HR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.65-1.10, 1-sided p=0.10), with OS of 81.5% vs. 85.4% (mOS: not reached vs 90.9 months, HR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.68-1.51, 2-sided p=0.94), LRFS of 69.8% vs. 62.4% (HR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.51-0.97, 2-sided p=0.03), and DMFS of 44.8% vs. 43.5% (HR=0.93, 95% CI 0.71-1.22, 2-sided p=0.60), respectively. For 310 per-protocol patients (140 with PORT and 170 without PORT), PORT marginally improve the DFS (44.8% vs 32.6%, HR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.57-1.00, 2-sided p=0.05), but not OS (85.7% vs 85.0%, HR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.53-1.30, p=0.41). Relapses of any type were observed in 110 (59.8%) and 116 patients (64.4%) in the PORT and observation groups, respectively. Forty-seven over 50 deaths (94.0%) in the PORT group and 42 over 47 deaths (89.4%) in the observation group died of cancer progression, respectively. No radiotherapy-related grade 5 AE was observed.
Conclusion
For pⅢA-N2 NSCLC patients after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, precise PORT has not been shown to significantly improve DFS or OS , though it can significantly improve LRFS.
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OA12.07 - Radicality of Lymphadenectomy in Lung Cancer According to Surgical Approach. Results from the Spanish Group of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (Now Available) (ID 1062)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Carme Obiols | Author(s): Sergi Call, Ramon Rami-Porta, Angeles Jaen, David Gomez De Antonio, Silvana Crowley, Iñigo Royo, Raúl Embún
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
The minor standard of systematic nodal dissection (SND) in lung cancer surgery, which is the minimum recommended by the Union for International Cancer Control, requires the resection/sampling of, at least, 3 mediastinal (including subcarinal station) and 3 hilar/intrapulmonary lymph nodes (LN). The objective of this study is to analyze differences in intraoperative LN assessment in patients with surgically treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to surgical approach (open vs VATS), from the results of the Spanish Group of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (GEVATS) database.
Method
Prospective multicenter cohort study of anatomic pulmonary resections (n=3533) performed from 20/12/16 to 20/03/18. Exclusions criteria were: indications different from NSCLC, previous lung cancer, synchronous tumors and induction therapy. Patients who did not meet the criteria for SND but had no nodal involvement were coded as pathologic (p)Nx (instead of pN0). Corresponding tests for homogeneity were performed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Stata/SE vs 13 statistical package was used for data analysis. Significance was considered when p<0.05.
Result
2532 patients were analyzed (1801 men [71.1%]; median age: 67 years). SND was performed in 65%, with a median of LN resected/sampled of 7 (IQR 4-12) and a rate of pN2 of 9.5%. Table1 summarizes results from bivariate analysis.Independent risk factors for thoracotomy at multivariate analysis (OR; 95%CI) were: squamous cell carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma (1.3; 1.04-1.68), staging mediastinoscopy (2.8; 1.83-4.22), LN resected (1.02; 1.00-1.04), SND (1.4; 1.07-1.8), tumour >3cm (1.8; 1.5-2.2), central tumour (2.5; 2.0-3.1); pN1 (1.5; 1.1-2.1) and pN2 (1.6; 1.1-2.3). A significantly higher proportion of nodal upstaging was observed in thoracotomy group: from cN0 to pN1/pN2, and from cN1 to pN2 (table1).
Conclusion
The intensity of lymphadenectomy in GEVATS was superior in the thoracotomy approach. Therefore, intraoperative lymph node evaluation performed at VATS should improve to have better prognostic information and indicate adjuvant therapy.
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OA12.08 - Discussant - OA12.05, OA12.06, OA12.07 (Now Available) (ID 3790)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): José Belderbos
- Abstract
- Presentation
Abstract not provided
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OA12.09 - James D. Cox Lectureship Award for Radiation Oncology (Now Available) (ID 3902)
15:45 - 17:15 | Presenting Author(s): Corinne Faivre-Finn
- Abstract
- Presentation
Abstract not provided
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Author of
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MA02 - Miscellaneous Topics in the Management of Early Stage Lung Cancer (ID 116)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Mini Oral Session
- Track: Treatment of Early Stage/Localized Disease
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:Mireia Serra-Mitjans, Thomas A. D'Amico
- Coordinates: 9/08/2019, 10:30 - 12:00, Interlaken (1988)
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MA02.01 - Reccurrence Pattern After Adjuvant Customized Chemotherapy Based on BRCA Expression Level (SCAT Trial) (Now Available) (ID 2760)
10:30 - 12:00 | Presenting Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
•Postop platinum-based CT improves outcomes in completely resected NSCLC with nodal involvement, (St II-IIIA). Customization is feasible in adjuvant setting (tissue availability) . Analysis of expressionin genes involved in DNA repair could be use to select CT regiment. •BRCA1 plays an important role in DNA repair pathways and functions as a differential regulator of response to cisplatin and antimicrotubuleagents. SCAT trial results found that for low BRCA1 levels subgroup Cis-Gemcitabine was superior to Cis-Docetaxel and in high BRCA1 levels subgroup Docetaxel single agent without platinum achieved similar survival to Cis-Doc. Analysis of recurrence pattern in different subgroups of the trials has been performed
Method
From Jun/2007 to May/2013 591 patients were screened and 500 p were included (108 in Control arm treated with Cisplatin-Docetaxel and 392 in Experimental arm treated with Cisplatin-Gemcitabine, Cisplatin-Docetaxel or Docetaxel alone according terciles BRCA1 expression level). With a cut-off September 30th 2018 and a median follow-up of 60 months, recurrence pattern are analysed in each arm and subgroup treatment and comparison are made for incidence of risk of recurrence, single/multiple recurrence, thoracic/extrathoracic and site of metastases (liver, bone, brain)
Result
Cumulative recurrence 232/456 evaluable patients (p) (50.8%). Recurrence were seen in 182/354 patients treated in experimental arm and in 50/102 p treated in the control arm (RR 1.04; 0.83-1.30) (p=0.672). Majority of recurrences 159/232 (68.5%) were single site recurrence. Intrathoracic recurrences in 121/232 (52%) while extrathoracic metastatic disease 111/232 (47.8%). No significant differences were seen for single/multiple, intra/extrathoracic recurrences between experimental and control arm. More frequent distant metastatic sites were: bone (42 p), brain (38 p) and liver (11 p) In the experimental group between different treatments no significant differences were found for the overall metastatic rate or for the single/multiple, intrathoracic/extrathoracic recurrences. For specific metastatic sites related to experimental treatment a significant reduction of risk of brain metastases were found in the experimental group with high level BRCA1 treated with Docetaxel single agent (p=0.0016)
Conclusion
For NSCLC resected patients with lymph node involvement (Stages II-IIIA) risk of recurrence remains high with cumulative rate > 50%. There were no differences in the Relative Risk (1.04) of recurrence when control and experimental arm are compared. Majority of recurrences were single site (68.5%) and intrathoracic (52%) but distant metastases developed in 47.8% os p. More frequent metastatic site was bone, followed by brain and liver. Brain metastases risk were significant lower for patients with low BRCA1 expression treated with single agent Docetaxel
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MA08 - Pawing the Way to Improve Outcomes in Stage III NSCLC (ID 127)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Mini Oral Session
- Track: Treatment of Locoregional Disease - NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:Simon Ekman, Helena A Yu
- Coordinates: 9/08/2019, 15:15 - 16:45, Tokyo (1982)
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MA08.11 - SLCG SCAT Trial: Surgical Audit to Lymph Node Assessment Based on IASLC Recommendations (Now Available) (ID 2252)
15:15 - 16:45 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
The Spanish Lung Cancer Group (SLCG) developed a multicenter trial in which completely resected pathological N positive NSCLC patients received different schemes of adjuvance based on level of tumoral BRCA expression (SCAT trial). We assess here surgical topics, with an in-depth analysis of quality of lymphadenectomy based on IASLC recommendations, evaluating their effect on survival.
Method
Phase-III SLCG-SCAT trial included patients with completely resected (R0) NSCLC with pathological hilar and/or ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node (LN) involvement. Patients from SLCG-SCAT trial in which complete pathologic report with information about mediastinal lymph node dissection was available (including number of lymph nodes assessed and involved by tumor in each hilar and mediastinal region), were included for our study. We also analyzed data about estimated overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). All patients underwent surgical resection in high-volume departments of thoracic surgery.
Result
Lymph node assessment
From the whole series (451 patients), in 33.7%, 17.7% and 49.9% of cases, regions 7, 10 and 11 respectively were not assessed. No lymph nodes were biopsied from region 8, 9 and 12 in 80%, 61.9% and 91.1% of cases, respectively. Region 10 was that with the higher number of lymph nodes resected (medium 4.64). From them, 27.9% were involved by tumor. Median assessed mediastinal regions was 4. In 21.1% of patients, lymph nodes from only one or two regions were obtained. In most of the patients (91.8%), one or two N1 regions were assessed. From 272 patients with N1 (no N2) involvement, 15.4% had no N2 regions biopsied, 20.2% had one N2 region evaluated and only 39.7% had three or more N2 regions assessed. On the other hand, from 179 patients with positive N2, 8.9% had no N1 regions biopsied and 54.7% had one. From 409 patients with at least one N2 lymph node resected, 120 (29.3%) shown the highest region involved. Number of mediastinal regions assessed and affected, and number of lymph nodes resected and affected were significantly higher in patients with N1 plus N2 disease than those with isolated N1 or N2 involvement.
Survival
Median follow-up was 52.3 months. Five-year OS was 55.7% (CI95% 50.8%-60.3%). Differences were found on OS regarding type of lymph node involvement (N1, N2 or both) (p=0.002). Five-year OS was 61.7% (CI95%:55.4%-67.4%), 51.5% (CI95%:39.2%-62.4%) and 42.3% (CI95%:32.1-52.2%) for patients with N1, N2 and N1+N2 disease, respectively. No differences were found in survival regarding total number of N1 or N2 regions evaluated. Both number of regions involved and number of lymph nodes with tumor were significantly related to worse prognosis.
Conclusion
International recommendations for surgical lymph node assessment in NSCLC were not deemed for the design of the trial and were not followed in a high proportion of cases. Patterns of N1 and N2 involvement shown to impact prognosis. The design of trials assessing surgical series of patients undergoing complete resection requires the control of surgical procedures in order to avoid recruitment biases.
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OA13 - Ideal Approach to Lung Resection and Novel Perioperative Therapy (ID 146)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Treatment of Early Stage/Localized Disease
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:Tomasz Grodzki, Kenji Suzuki
- Coordinates: 9/10/2019, 11:30 - 13:00, Toronto (1985)
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OA13.05 - NADIM Study: Updated Clinical Research and Outcomes (Now Available) (ID 1670)
11:30 - 13:00 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
Patients with stage IIIA (N2 or T4N0) are potentially curable but median overall survival is only around 15 months
Method
A Phase II, single-arm, open-label multicenter study of resectable stage IIIA N2-NSCLC in adult patients with CT plus IO as neoadjuvant treatment: 3 cycles of nivolumab (NV) 360 mg IV Q3W + paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 + carboplatin AUC 6 IV Q3W followed by adjuvant NV treatment for 1 year. After completing neoadjuvant therapy, all patients underwent tumor assessment prior to surgery. Surgery was performed during the 3rd or 4th week after day 21 of the 3rd neoadjuvant treatment cycle. The study aimed to recruit 46 patients. The primary endpoint was Progression-Free Survival (PFS) at 24 months. Efficacy was explored using objective pathologic response criteria. Here we present the final data on all study patients that underwent surgical assessment.
Result
At the time of submission, the 46 patients had been included. None of the patients were withdrawn from the study preoperatively due to progression or toxicity. 41 patients had undergone surgery and all tumors were deemed resectable with R0 resection in all cases. Intention to treat analysis shows 35 patients (85%; 95% CI, 71; 94%) achieved major pathologic response (MPR) of which 25 (71%; 95% CI, 54; 85%) were complete pathologic responses (CPR). Downstaging was seen in 38 (93%; 95% CI, 80; 98%) of cases. The median follow-up was 13.8 months (P25; P75: 11.7; 16.6 months) for both the whole series and resected patients, and 12 month PFS was 95.7% (95% CI, 84; 99%).
Conclusion
This is the first multicentric study to test CT-IO in the neoadjuvant setting in stage IIIA. Neoadjuvant CT-IO with nivolumab in resectable IIIA NSCLC yields a complete pathologic response rate that is higher than ever seen previously, together with a promising PFS which may translate into increased overall survival. EudraCT Number: 2016-003732-20. Clinical trial information: NCT 03081689.
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P1.01 - Advanced NSCLC (ID 158)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/08/2019, 09:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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P1.01-111 - ATEZO-BRAIN, A Single-Arm Phase II Study of Atezolizumab Combined with Chemotherapy in Stage IV NSCLC Patients with Untreated Brain Metastases (ID 733)
09:45 - 18:00 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
Brain metastases (BM) are a frequent complication in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), have significant impact on quality of life and are associated with poor prognosis. Systemic therapies might be an alternative approach to whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) to avoid cognitive-related adverse events. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) showed intracranial activity in advanced NSCLC patients with BM. However clinical data about efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy in patients with untreated BM are limited and further research in this setting is needed. We hypothesize that addition of ICI to conventional platinum-based chemotherapy may increase intracranial tumor response and provide clinically relevant benefit in terms of PFS, OS and quality of life to the patients with asymptomatic and non-previously treated BM.
Method
This is an ongoing multicenter, open-label, single-arm phase 2 study (EUDRACT: 2017-005154-11) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab 1200 mg combined with 4-6 cycles of carboplatin AUC 5 and pemetrexed 500mg/m2 every 3 weeks followed by maintenance with atezolizumab 1200 mg plus pemetrexed 500mg/m2 every 3 weeks in stage IV non-squamous NSCLC patients with untreated synchronous BM. Patients should have multiple and measurable BM, adequate performance status and organic function, do not harbor EGFR or ALK genomic alterations, be treatment naïve and do not have any contraindication to receive immunotherapy. Exclusion criteria consist of active neurological symptoms, dexamethasone dose ≥ 4 mg QD, prior treatment with brain radiotherapy, presence of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, spinal or hemorrhagic metastases in the central nervous system. Primary endpoints are progression-free survival (PFS) at 12 weeks according to RANO-BM and RECIST v1.1 criteria and safety based on CTCAE v4. Both primary endpoints will be assessed in 40 patients in 15 sites using a Bayesian approach. Patients will undergo tumor assessments by body CT scan and brain MRI at baseline every 6 weeks for the first 12 weeks and thereafter tumor assessments will be performed every 9 weeks until disease progression or loss of clinical benefit. Secondary endpoints: intracranial and systemic objective response rate and duration of response. Exploratory endpoints: to assess neurocognitive function and quality of life; to determine time to neurological deterioration and time to need of salvage brain radiotherapy. Enrollment started on August 2018 and currently 12 patients have been included in the study.
Result
Clinical trial in progress
Conclusion
Clinical trial in progress
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P1.03 - Biology (ID 161)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Biology
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/08/2019, 09:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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P1.03-15 - Non-Invasive Detection of Secondary Resistance Mutations in ALK-Positive NSCLC Patients by Next-Generation Sequencing (ID 1658)
09:45 - 18:00 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
ALK inhibitors have led to important improvements in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient’s survival and quality of life. However, despite the good responses, resistance mutations inevitably emerge. Several resistance mutations in ALK domain have been describe. Remarkably different mutations can confer different sensitivities to different ALK inhibitors. However, 2nd and 3rd line treatment is often prescribe empirically without knowing the molecular mechanism underlying treatment failure.
Method
21 samples from ALK-positive NSCLC patients were collected at disease progression. Circulating Nucleic Acids were isolated from platelets, exosomes and plasma. Libraries were prepared using 20ng of template and Oncomine™ Pan-Cancer Cell-Free Assay. Samples were sequenced on an Ion GeneStudio S5 Plus System. Sequencing data was first analyzed using Torrent Suite software. Subsequently variant calling, annotation and filtering was performed on the Ion Reporter (v5.10) platform using the Oncomine TagSeq Pan-Cancer Liquid Biopsy w2.1 workflow.
Result
In 14 (67%) patients a somatic mutation was identified in the plasma sample collected at disease progression. The average number of mutations detected per sample was 2.6. Noteworthy, 14 mutations were found in oncogenes that have been previously associated with ALK inhibitors resistance (5 mutations in ALK locus, 4 mutations in PIK3CA, 1 mutation in EGFR, 1 mutation in KIT, 1 mutation in KRAS, 1 mutation in MTOR and 1 mutation in MYC). The rest of mutations (N=21) were found in TP53 gene. Secondary resistance mutation in ALK locus occurred in 24% of the cases. Specifically, p.G1269A (N=2), p.G1202E (N=1), p.R1275Q (N=1) mutations were found in ALK-positive NSCLC who had progressed on crizotinib and p.G1202R mutation was found in 1 ALK-positive NSCLC who had progressed on ceritinib.
Conclusion
Secondary ALK-TKI resistance mutations could be detected using liquid biopsies in a high proportion of patients. Non-invasive molecular profiling of samples collected at disease progression is feasible being useful for further treatment selection in ALK-positive NSCLC patients.
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P2.03 - Biology (ID 162)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Biology
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.03-16 - Agreement Between Different Methodologies for Non-Invasive p.T790M and EGFR Sensitizing Mutation Testing (ID 1965)
10:15 - 18:15 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the current standard of care for patients with advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, most patients progressed within 1 to 2 years. The EGFR p.T790M mutation is the most common resistance mechanism to first and second generation EGFR TKIs. The identification of p.T790M mutation is of considerable clinical relevance as osimertinib has demonstrated clinical efficacy in this setting. Guidelines recommend testing for the p.T790M mutation in blood at relapse to TKIs, and re-biopsy only in case of a negative result. Several blood based methodologies for detection of EGFR mutations have been developed in the recent years. However, the number of comparison studies between platforms is very limited.
Method
This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03363139) performed by the Spanish Lung Cancer Group. Samples from 75 consecutive EGFR mutant NSCLC patients were collected at disease progression to first line TKI treatment. The presence of EGFR mutations in the cfDNA was evaluated in 39 samples by 7 methodologies, namely: Cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 (Roche Diagnostics), Therascreen EGFR Plasma RGQ PCR Kit (Qiagen), QuantStudio® 3D Digital PCR System (Thermofisher), a 5′-nuclease real-time PCR (TaqMan®) assay in presence of PNA, OncoBEAM EGFR (Sysmex Inostics), NGS with two different gene panels: Oncomine® (Thermofisher) and Lung Cancer Panel (Qiagen). The agreement between methodologies was assessed using the kappa coefficient (K) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). For quantitative variables the concordance correlation coefficient (ccc) was used.
Result
Complete results are available for 39 patients. Overall, the agreement between all methodologies for the detection of p.T790M mutation as well as the original EGFR sensitizing mutation was good (K=0.669; 95CI: 0.504-0.835 and K=0.750 95CI: 0.599-0.899 respectively). Remarkably, the agreement between FDA-approved methodologies for p.T790M detection was almost perfect (K=0.926; 95CI: 0.712-1) and good for the EGFR sensitizing mutations (K=0.657; 95CI: 0.417-0.902). Similarly, the agreement between NGS-based methodologies for the detection of p.T790M and the EGFR activating mutations was very high (K=0.843; 95CI: 0.567-1 and K=0.872 95CI: 0.595-1 respectively). Moreover, concordance between both technologies for p.T790M and EGFR sensitizing mutation mutant allele frequency was excellent (ccc=0.956; 95CI: 0.906-1 and ccc=0.980 95CI: 0.950-1 respectively). The proportion of samples that were positive for p.T790M detection varied from 28% (PCR based technologies) to 37% depending on the methodology.
Conclusion
NGS and PCR-based methodologies show a good to excellent agreement for the detection of EGFR mutations, including the p.T790M. Our results support the use of liquid biopsies for non-invasive testing of clinically relevant mutations (Data from the whole cohort will be presented at the meeting).
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P2.04 - Immuno-oncology (ID 167)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Immuno-oncology
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.04-10 - Biomarkers of Pathological Response on Neo-Adjuvant Chemo-Immunotherapy Treatment for Resectable Stage IIIA NSCLC Patients (ID 1466)
10:15 - 18:15 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
PD1/PDL1 treatments have become the main therapy in advanced stages of NSCLC due to its significant increase in overall survival (OS), but recently, combination with chemotherapy in locally advanced stages is showing promising results. Many studies have described peripheral blood immune cells parameters as biomarkers of response to immunotherapy. In our study, we described the effect of neo-adjuvant chemo-immunotherapy treatment in Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) phenotype, as well as, the association of these parameters with the degree of pathological response.
Method
Immune cell populations of 46 resectable stage IIIA NSCLC patients treated with neo-adjuvant chemo-immunotherapy from NADIM clinical trial were analysed. Samples were extracted before initiating the neo-adjuvant treatment with nivolumab plus carboplatin and at the third cycle before patients underwent surgery. We classified patients in 3 subgroups of pathological response assessed in the resection specimen: complete response (pCR), major response (<10% viable tumour) and incomplete response (>10% viable tumour, pIR). Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U statistic test were used to evaluate differences between pre and post treatment and between pathological responses groups respectively.
Result
From 46 patients, 5 patients did not undergo surgery, so they were excluded from the analysis. Absolute numbers of Leucocytes, Eosinophil, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Haemoglobin and Platelets from hemograms were significantly reduced after neo-adjuvant treatment. However, no changes were observed for Lymphocytes, Basophils, LDH levels or the Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI). Additionally, post-treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte (NLR), Myeloid-to-Lymphoid lineage (M:L) and Platelets-to-Lymphocytes (PLR) ratios were decreased. Remarkably, from all the CBC absolute numbers and ratios, only PLR variation showed differences between pCR and pIR.
On the other hand, percentages of PBMCs (T cells, B cells, NK cells and macrophages) did not vary after neo-adjuvant treatment, however activation of CD4 T cells and NK cells as well as PD-1 receptor expression on immune cells were downregulated after neo-adjuvant chemo-immunotherapy. Interestingly, these variations correlate with pCR.
Conclusion
In our study, PLR, PD-1 expression, CD4 T cells and NK cells activation are predictive biomarkers of response to treatment. Thus, a higher decrease on PLR post neo-adjuvant treatment is associated to pCR. Moreover, a decrease of PD-1 expression in CD4, CD8 and NK cells, as well as, a reduction of CD4 T cells and NK cells activation after neo-adjuvant treatment, are associated to pCR.
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P2.05 - Interventional Diagnostic/Pulmonology (ID 168)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Interventional Diagnostics/Pulmonology
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.05-12 - Analysis of Biomarkers in Lung Cancer in Spain (ID 854)
10:15 - 18:15 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
The analysis of biomarkers in lung cancer (LC) is currently one of the most important care needs, given the importance of their presence in the selection of specific treatments. Our objective was to know the implementation degree of these tests in a large cohort of patients in Spain using the Thoracic Tumor Registry (TTR) of the Grupo Español de Cáncer de Pulmón (Spanish Lung Cancer Group).
Method
The TTR is an observational cohort multicenter study of the LC in Spain. Information on patients (p) enrolled from August 2016 to December 2018. The study is conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board of each participating institute. The registry was approved by the Spanish Drug Agency as a non-post-authorization, non-interventional study.
Result
A total of 7,872 patients from 58 Spanish sites were enrolled. Analysis of molecular markers considering all the LC stages: A molecular test, the most frequent being the EGFR test, was performed in 4,456 patients (67.5%). The proportion of biomarker evaluation has varied over time, ranging from 57.9% prior to 2012 up to 73.7% in 2017.
Molecular markers in patients with stage IV. Three thousand four hundred forty-six (3,446) patients (52.2%) had a stage IV on diagnosis. The molecular assessment of some biomarkers reached 81.4% of all the patients, there being differences between Regional Communities in regard to the molecular tests made.
There was performed some biomarker test in 92% of the 2570 patients with stage IV and adenocarcinoma histology. The analysis of ALK was tested in 79% of the patients, this being in 40% only 2 years ago. ROS was studied in 20% of the cases and EGFR in 92%.
Conclusion
Although no national plan exists for molecular biomarker analysis in LC in Spain, the implementation of the biomarkers analysis in all the hospitals that contribute to the TTR is high, as close to the maximum as possible. The increase in the ALK analysis in the last period is relevant. As regional differences exist, it would be of interest to go in depth to study its cause
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P2.10 - Prevention and Tobacco Control (ID 176)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Prevention and Tobacco Control
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.10-02 - Smoking Habit in Lung Cancer in Spain (ID 732)
10:15 - 18:15 | Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
Tobacco is the leading cause of lung cancer. The fight against the smoking habit is essential and should be continuous, to detect the national situation that makes it possible to design health care policies against this consumption. To do so, the Grupo Español de Cáncer de Pulmón (Spanish Lung Cancer Group) made this analysis within the context of the Thoracic Tumor Registry (TTR).
Method
The TTR is an observational cohort multicenter study in Spain. The study is conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board of each participating site. The registry was approved by the Spanish Drug Agency, as a non-post-authorization, non-interventional study.
Result
We collected data from 6,600 patients diagnosed of lung cancer from 58 different Spanish hospital sites.
A total of 3,039 patients were former smokers (46%), 2,611 were active smokers (39%) and only 866 (12%) patients stated to be non-smokers; the status in 2% is unknown. If we make a comparison by gender regarding the presence of this habit, large differences (p-valor < 0.001) are observed, with a greater number of non-smokers in women (37 % vs. 4.5% in males), while the percentage of former smokers is much higher in the males (53.4% vs. 27.9% in women) and a minor difference in active smokers (42.1% vs. 34.4% in women).
Significant differences were observed in the study on the distribution of the smoking habit by gender and year of diagnosis. An increase is also observed in the last two years regarding the percentage of patients who were active smoked, both for the total population as well as for each one of the two genders separately. The increase is greater among the women and, also, the number of women who are active smokers is greater in recent years.
Mean age of onset of the smoking habit is 18.2 years. Significant differences are observed between both genders (p-valor < 0.001), with a mean age of initiation of 17.9 years in the men (95%CI 17.6-18.2 years) and 19.2 years in the women (95%CI 18.5-19.8 years). Significant differences between Regional Communities were also found in the mean age at onset of the habit, with much lower levels in the Valencian Community (16.6 years) or Navarra (16.9 years) regarding other communities, such as the Region of Murcia (22.9 years) or the Balearic Islands (21.6 years)
Conclusion
Lung cancer in Spain is associated to tobacco consumption in 85% of the cases diagnosed. Consumption has shown an increase in both genders in recent years and is especially rapid and worrisome in women. Anti-smoking campaigns should be reactivated and the causes of the regional differences analyzed in depth
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P2.14 - Targeted Therapy (ID 183)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Targeted Therapy
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.14-63 - Cost Analysis of the Management of CNS Metastases in Patients with Advanced ALK+ NSCLC: Alectinib vs Crizotinib (ID 2174)
10:15 - 18:15 | Presenting Author(s): Bartomeu Massuti
- Abstract
Background
The high prevalence of CNS metastases in ALK+ NSCLC leads to a significant clinical and economic burden. Alectinib demonstrated superior CNS activity and significantly delayed CNS progression versus crizotinib in untreated patients. Therefore, alectinib could reduce the brain metastasis-related healthcare resource utilization and costs.
The objective is to estimate the cost associated with the management of patients with advanced ALK+ NSCLC with and without CNS metastases, and to perform an analysis of the annual cost comparing patients treated with alectinib or crizotinib.
Method
Using the disaggregated consumption of resources provided by a panel of expert oncologists, the cost/year of the management of patients with ALK+ NSCLC with/without development of CNS metastases was estimated.
The cost of management (€,2018) included the quantification of medical visits, hospitalisations, diagnostic and laboratory tests, imaging techniques and radiotherapy procedures.
The unit costs of the resources were obtained from eSalud (Spanish database).
Using the 12-month cumulative incidence rate of CNS metastases in the ALEX trial for alectinib (9.4%) and crizotinib (41.4%), the annual cost of management with each therapy was estimated and compared.
An alternative analysis was performed considering the management of adverse events (AE) observed in the ALEX trial, with costs obtained from the literature.
Result
The cost/year of managing NSCLC was €6,173.42/patient without CNS metastases and €21,637.50/patient with CNS metastases.
In patients treated with alectinib, the average cost per patient was lower than in patients with crizotinib (-€4,948.51 patient/year) in the Spanish healthcare setting.
Considering the cost of AE, the average cost/year difference would be -€5,044.26/patient treated with alectinib vs crizotinib.
Conclusion
The delay in the appearance of CNS metastases associated with the treatment of alectinib vs crizotinib may result in a reduction in cost per year in the management of ALK+ NSCLC. Comprehensive approach of cost analysis should be adjusted to each disease characteristics.
