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Cristina Martínez



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    ES13 - Global Political, Legal, and Financial Strategies For Tobacco Control (ID 16)

    • Event: WCLC 2019
    • Type: Educational Session
    • Track: Prevention and Tobacco Control
    • Presentations: 1
    • Now Available
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      ES13.01 - Tobacco Cessation and Cancer Patients (Now Available) (ID 3224)

      15:15 - 16:45  |  Author(s): Cristina Martínez

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
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      Abstract

      Smoking among cancer patients reduces the effectiveness of treatment, increases the risk of recurrence, and reduces survival time. One third of cancer patients continue smoking after diagnosis or during their treatment. Smoking is also common in patients with a cancer for which there is limited evidence for carcinogenicity of tobacco smoking. Cancer patients who smoke have greater risks, not only of the well known tobacco-related health problems, such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and further cancers, but also unfavourable cancer treatment outcomes. There is sufficient evidence to infer a causal relationship between cigarette smoking and adverse health outcomes, including all-cause mortality, cancer-specific mortality and further primary tobacco-related cancers among cancer patients. Poorer cancer treatment outcomes linked to tobacco use by cancer patients re related to altered cancer biology, altered drug metabolism, increased treatment-related complications, and increased tobacco-related comorbidity.

      Although smoking cessation is associated with better outcomes, this key and cost-effective preventive strategy is rarely addressed in health care services. Barriers to incorporating tobacco cessation interventions into hospitals include lack of knowledge, expertise, time, and organizational constraints. In addition, many cancer patients show higher rates of nicotine dependence, low self-efficacy, and higher levels of depression.

      The existing data support the conclusion that continued smoking negatively affects cancer treatment outcomes including survival, recurrence and quality of life and that, by quitting smoking, patients with cancer have the potential to improve their cancer treatment outcomes. At the population-level, there is a need to establish a basic infrastructure to provide tobacco cessation services to cancer patients who smoke, sustainable funding should be identified and allocated to dedicated tobacco cessation services (e.g. quitlines, available treatment for tobacco cessation) as well as tobacco treatment training programmes for health-care providers. At the individual-level, motivational interventions addressed to recognize the cancer-specific risks of smoking do increase patients’ self-efficacy in quitting. Morover, cessation using the "5 A’s model" provides good abstinence rates, and about 80% of smokers could be reached using this approach.

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