Author of

• 30943

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  P2.04 - Immuno-oncology (ID 167)

  • Event: WCLC 2019
  • Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
  • Track: Immuno-oncology
  • Presentations: 1
  • Moderators:
  • Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall

  • 31020

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    P2.04-66 - Immunotherapy for All? Representation of Minorities and the Elderly in Lung Cancer Immunotherapy Trials (ID 2047)

    10:15 - 18:15  |  Presenting Author(s): Ana I Velazquez
    • Abstract

    Background
    

    Minority groups have been historically underrepresented in oncology clinical trials (CT). Disparities also exist among patients with lung cancer (LC), with Black males having the highest mortality rates of all subgroups. In 2015 the first immune checkpoint inhibitor was FDA approved for the treatment of LC, since then these agents have become a cornerstone of LC treatment. We aimed to determine the representation of ethnic minorities and elderly patients in immunotherapy LC trials.

    Method
    

    Enrollment data from therapeutic immunotherapy LC trials with published results in ClinicalTrials.gov or individual trial publications from 2008 to 2019 was analyzed. Clinical trials that were terminated early or those that did not report race/ethnicity were excluded. Enrollment fraction (EF) was calculated as the number of trial enrollees divided by the 2015 SEER LC prevalence.

    Result
    

    We identified 29 CT of which 22 (76%) reported race/ethnicity with a total of 11,149 CT enrollees. Majority of CT were phase 3 (54%), international trials (95%), for advanced stage NSCLC (82%). Distribution by sex, age, race/ethnicity and comparison with LC prevalence and US census are described in table 1. Clinical trials participation varied significantly across ethnic groups, Whites (EF 2.4%) and Asians (EF 12.4%) were more likely to be enrolled compared to Blacks (EF 0.46%) and Hispanics (EF 0.85%). Younger patients (<65 years-old) were more likely to be enrolled when compared to older adults, despite the national median age of LC diagnosis being 70 years-old.

    

    Conclusion
    

    Minority and elderly patients were less likely to be enrolled in immunotherapy LC trials from 2008 to 2019. The underrepresentation of these groups leaves knowledge gaps regarding their response and tolerability to immunotherapy, leading to the extrapolation of data from other populations to treat minority and elderly patients. Future CT should take measures to recruit participants that adequately represent our LC population and increase minority recruitment.