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Christine Raynaud



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    MA21 - Non EGFR/MET Targeted Therapies (ID 153)

    • Event: WCLC 2019
    • Type: Mini Oral Session
    • Track: Targeted Therapy
    • Presentations: 1
    • Now Available
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      MA21.07 - Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Depicts Potential Mechanisms of Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapies in BRAF+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Now Available) (ID 1365)

      14:30 - 16:00  |  Author(s): Christine Raynaud

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background

      Oncogenic BRAF-V600 mutations are observed in 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Targeted therapies including vemurafenib (V), dabrafenib (D) or combination of dabrafenib plus trametinib (D+T) are associated with favorable outcomes in these patients (pts). The mechanisms of resistance to BRAF-targeted therapies (BRAF-TT) in NSCLC are largely unknown.

      Method

      We performed genomic profiling of serial circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) in a cohort of 79 metastatic BRAF-mutant NSCLC pts (96% V600E, 4% non-V600). BRAFmutational status was ascertained based on local testing. Plasma samples were collected, from 2014-2018 in 27 Hospitals, from pts treated with V (n=34), D (n=2) or D+T (n=23). We collected 41 plasma samples at baseline to BRAF-TT, 40 at progressive disease (PD) and ~200 samples during treatment follow-up, concomitant to routine radiological evaluation. Inivata InVisionSeq™ assay was used to detect the presence of SNVs, indels and CNAs in 36-cancer related genes.

      Result

      At baseline, 72,5% of BRAF mutations (V600E and non-V600E) were detected in plasma. BRAF-V600E detection in plasma was associated with the presence of liver metastasis, versus BRAF-V600E-negative cases (22% vs. 7%, respectively). Co-occurring molecular alterations at baseline, besides BRAF-V600E, were observed in 18/26 (70%) cases: FGFR2 (1pt), PIK3CA (2pts), ERBB2 (1pt), CTNNB1 (2pts) and IDH1 (2pts). FGFR2, PIK3CA or CTNNB1 alterations were associated with PD as the best response to the subsequent BRAF-TT. TP53 and STK11 mutations were observed in 54% (14/26) and 8% (2/26) of pts, respectively. Complete clearance of BRAF-V600E in plasma at baseline was observed at the first CT-scan evaluation in 42% (3/7) and 82% (9/11) pts treated with V or D+T, respectively. These pts were in complete or partial response, suggesting that monitoring BRAF-V600E levels in plasma on treatment may be a clinically useful marker of tumor response. At PD, a consistent rebound in BRAF-V600E plasma levels was observed in 60% (24/40) pts. Resistance to V was associated with alterations in the MAPK pathway: 1pt (KRAS), 1pt (GNA11), 1pt (NRAS and GNAS) and 1pt (MAP2K1 and NFE2L2). Activating PI3KCA mutations were observed in 4 pts who progressed in <6 months on V treatment. ctDNA analyses at PD under D+T revealed that, similar to what we observed in patients who progressed on V, alterations in KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA and CTNNB1 are associated with D+T resistance. Prediction of the impact of these alterations, at the protein level, was assessed using in silico structure modeling and will be presented.

      Conclusion

      ctDNA monitoring might be an informative tool for assessing disease response and resistance in NSCLC pts treated with BRAF-TT. MAPK reactivation remains an important resistance mechanism to BRAFi-monotherapy or to BRAFi and MEKi combination therapy.

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