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Fenghai Duan



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    OA06 - Refining Lung Cancer Screening (ID 131)

    • Event: WCLC 2019
    • Type: Oral Session
    • Track: Screening and Early Detection
    • Presentations: 1
    • Now Available
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      OA06.06 - Independent Validation of a Novel High-Resolution Computed Tomography-Based Radiomic Classifier for Indeterminate Lung Nodules (Now Available) (ID 2862)

      11:00 - 12:30  |  Author(s): Fenghai Duan

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background

      Optimization of the clinical management of incidentally- and screen-identified lung nodules is urgently needed to limit the number of unnecessary invasive diagnostic interventions, and therefore morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. We recently developed and internally validated a novel radiomics-based approach for the classification of screen-detected indeterminate nodules, and present herein validation of this algorithm in an independent cohort.

      Method

      In a previous study, we developed a multivariate prediction model evaluating independent quantitative variables assessing various radiologic nodule features such as sphericity, flatness, elongation, spiculation, lobulation and curvature. Nodules between 7 and 30 mm of largest diameter were selected from the National Lung Screening Trial (n=726 indeterminate nodules, benign (n = 318) and malignant (n = 408)) were used to derive this model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method with bootstrapping method applied for the internal validation. Eight variables capturing vertical location, size, shape, density and surface characteristics were included with an optimism-correct area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94. For this study, an independent dataset of 203 incidentally-identified lung nodules obtained from the indeterminate pulmonary nodule registry at Vanderbilt University was identified. CT datasets were transferred to Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) for analysis. Nodules were segmented manually using the ANALYZE software (Biomedical Imaging Resource, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), and radiomic analysis was performed using the 8-variable radiomic diagnostic algorithm derived from the NLST. The Brock model was also used to calculate probability of malignancy for all NLST and Vanderbilt nodules.

      Result

      Brock scores were calculated for 685 NLST nodules (excluded: interval cancers, n=12; missing values needed for Brock score, n=29). The AUC for the Brock score (AUC Brock) for NLST nodules was 0.83 which was inferior to the AUC for the radiomic model (AUC Radiomic =0.94, P<0.001). When the subset of intermediate pre-test probability of lung cancer was considered (Brock score > 10 but <= 60), the AUC Brock was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.54-0.68) whereas the AUC Radiomic was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.84-0.93). A total of 203 incidentally found pulmonary nodules with available clinical information and biopsy or surgery-proven histology identified in the Vanderbilt indeterminate pulmonary nodule registry, and all histology data and corresponding CT images were reviewed. CT images were transferred to Mayo Clinic for analysis. After exclusion of duplicate CT datasets, unanalyzable CT images and not identifiable nodules (n=27 cases), 176 nodules were segmented and analyzed, including 84 benign and 92 malignant nodules. The AUC was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.94). For comparison, the AUC Brock was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83-0.94). When the subset of intermediate pre-test probability of lung cancer was considered (Brock score > 10 but <= 60), the AUC Brock was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63-0.89) whereas the AUC Radiomic was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74-0.95).

      Conclusion

      Our radiomic classifier demonstrates good performance characteristics on an independent retrospective validation dataset. If prospectively validated, integration into clinical decision making algorithm could significantly impact patient care.

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