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Gen Lin
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MA21 - Non EGFR/MET Targeted Therapies (ID 153)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Mini Oral Session
- Track: Targeted Therapy
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:Benjamin Besse, Michael Thomas
- Coordinates: 9/10/2019, 14:30 - 16:00, Vienna (2016)
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MA21.02 - Genomic Origin and EGFR-TKI Efficacy of Pulmonary Adenosquamous Carcinoma (Now Available) (ID 578)
14:30 - 16:00 | Presenting Author(s): Gen Lin
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
Lung adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a heterogeneous disease that comprises of both adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) components. Their genomic profile, evolutionary origin, and clinical management remain controversial. Objective of this study is to define the genomic origin of this heterogeneous tumor by independent genomic analyses of the AC and SCC components.
Method
Surgical ASCs were collected. AC component and SCC component were obtained separately by microdissection, and Lymph node (LN) metastases were gathered. Targeted sequence was performed for the two components using a 1021-gene panel, independently. Evolutionary relationship of the two components was analyzed. The independent cohorts of adenocarcinoma (n=170) and squamous cell carcinomas (n=62) were used for comparison. EGFR and concomitant mutations with response to EGFR-TKI were analyzed. Retrospective 517 ASCs underwent EGFR detections were collected from 11 centers. Objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and progression free survival (PFS) were analyzed in EGFR-positive patients received EGFR-TKIs.
Result
28 ASCs were collected. NGS was performed on AC component and SCC component samples, respectively. The most frequent alterations in 28 ASCs were EGFR mutation (79%), TP53 mutation (68%), MAP3K1 mutation (14%), EGFR amplification (32%), and MDM2 amplification (18%). 27 patients had trunk variations in the both components suggesting the monoclonal origin of ASCs. The prevalence of trunk mutations was correlated to those of AC, indicating that ASC might originate from AC. Only one patient did not carry any trunk variations between AC and SCC components, which were clearly and geographically distinguishable under the microscope. 22 had AC component or/and SCC component specific variations suggesting the common event of branch evolution. The 23 LNs of 13 patients mainly contained AC and ASC components (AC, SCC, and ASC: 11, 1, and 11, respectively), and each of the LNs carried the trunk mutations of the primary ASC. Like pure AC, the alterations of L858R and Exon 19 Dels of EGFR were common in the 28 ASCs. Unfortunately, these patients have not been treated with TKIs. Further, of 517 retrospective ASCs from 11 centers, 51.8% were EGFR-positive. For the 129 EGFR-positive ASCs who had received TKIs, the ORR and DCR were 56.6% and 89.1%, respectively. The median PFS was 10.1 months (95% CI: 9.0-11.2).
Conclusion
The AC and SCC components share a monoclonal origin, and a majority have branching evolution. ASC may represent a subtype of adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation being the most common genomic anomaly and sharing similar efficacy to EGFR-TKIs.
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OA03 - Systemic Therapies for SCLC: Novel Targets and Patients' Selection (ID 121)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Small Cell Lung Cancer/NET
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:Christine Lee Hann, Makoto Nishio
- Coordinates: 9/08/2019, 13:30 - 15:00, Hilton Head (1978)
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OA03.05 - Characterization of Genomic Alterations in Chinese LCNEC and SCLC via Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (Now Available) (ID 1486)
13:30 - 15:00 | Author(s): Gen Lin
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background
LCNEC and SCLC are aggressive neuroendocrine carcinomas with overlap in clinical, histopathologic, morphologic and genomic features. Differential molecular features between the two subtypes have not been well elucidated, contributing the uncertainty for optimal clinical strategy for each subtype. Here we interrogated the genomic characteristics in LCNEC as compared to SCLC along with their histologically related subtypes: carcinoids and atypical carcinoids via comprehensive genomic profiling.
Method
FFPE samples from 31 LCNECs, 35 SCLCs, 14 carcinoids and 22 atypical carcinoids were sequenced in a CLIA-certified sequencing laboratory using 520-cancer-related gene panel, with an average sequencing depth of 1385X.
Result
Comparative mutational analysis revealed that both LCNEC and SCLC sub-cohorts displayed higher rate of TP53 alterations than that of carcinoid (p<0.001, p<0.001). SCLC patients harbored more RB1 and PIK3CA mutations than LCNECs (p<0.001, p=0.014) and carcinoids (p<0.001, p=0.018). In addition, mutation frequencies of LRP1B, FAT1, PRKDC, PIK3CA, NOTCH1, SPTA1 and EPHA3 in SCLC were significantly higher than that in carcinoid. Mutations in TP53 and RB1 occurred concurrently in 83% (29/35) SCLC patients, whereas in only 32.3% (10/31) LCNECs.（Fig.1） We further investigated the distribution of mutations across KEGG pathways and found that mutation frequencies in both HIF-1 and Notch signaling pathways were lower in LCNEC than SCLC (p=0.032, p=0.025). Copy number variation (CNV) analysis revealed that LCNEC and SCLC had comparable CNVs which were significantly higher than carcinoid (p<0.001, p<0.001) and atypical carcinoid (p=0.010, p=0.028). TMB analysis also revealed a comparable TMB status of LCNEC (12.7/Mb) and SCLC (11.9/Mb), and relatively lower TMB in both carcinoid (2.4/Mb, p<0.001, p<0.001) and atypical carcinoid (5.6/Mb, p=0.003, p=0.009) than LCNEC and SCLC.
Conclusion
We demonstrated the differential genomic characteristics in the four subtypes of neuroendocrine carcinomas. Compared with SCLC, LCNEC has lower mutation frequencies in RB1, PIK3CA, as well as HIF-1 and Notch signaling pathways. In addition, LCNEC and SCLC had comparable CNV and TMB status, which significantly higher than that of carcinoids and atypical carcinoid.
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P1.14 - Targeted Therapy (ID 182)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Targeted Therapy
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/08/2019, 09:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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P1.14-38 - Identification of FGFR1-3 Fusions in Lung Cancers Using Comprehensive Next-Generation Sequencing (Now Available) (ID 2071)
09:45 - 18:00 | Presenting Author(s): Gen Lin
- Abstract
Background
Fusions have been described in the fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) 1-3 genes with multiple partners in a variety of tumors. Here we focused on the prevalence of FGFR fusions in lung cancers for whom might benefit from FGFR inhibitors in clinical development.
Method
We reviewed FGFR alterations in 10833 lung cancer patients (pts) who underwent genetic testing at our institute from 2016 to 2019. Mutation profiles were analyzed using hybridization capture based next-generation sequencing (NGS), which covers all exons of FGFR1-3 and specific intron regions containing the break points of fusions. All patients were also analyzed for mutations in EGFR, KRAS, HER2, BRAF, ALK, RET, MET, ROS1, as well as other oncogenes.
Result
FGFR fusions were identified in 25 lung cancer pts, including 9 adenocarcinoma pts, 4 squamous-cell carcinoma pts, 1 patient with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and 11 pts with non-specific pathology. FGFR3-TACC3 fusion was detected in 72% (18/25) of pts and the remaining were previously unreported fusions (table). Concurrent EGFR mutations were identified in 44% (11/25) of pts with FGFR fusions (32%, treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs); 12%, not treated with EGFR-TKIs). PI3K-AKT-MTOR signaling pathway was also activated in 28% (7/25) of pts, and cell-cycle gene alterations were also detected in 16% (4/25) of pts.
ConclusionTable. Frequency of FGFR fusions Fusions
Fusion region
N (%)
FGFR3-TACC3
EX17:EX11
6 (24%)
EX18E:EX11
4 (16%)
EX18E:EX13
2 (8%)
EX17:EX10
2 (8%)
others
4 (16%)
FGFR1-chr8:21672159
EX1:chr8:21672159
1 (4%)
FGFR1-MTUS1
EX19E:EX8
1 (4%)
EFHA2-FGFR1
EX2:EX3
1 (4%)
TNRC18-FGFR1
PMT:EX10
1 (4%)
ZMAT4-FGFR1
EX2:EX2
1 (4%)
ZNF696-FGFR1
EX2:EX18E
1 (4%)
OPALIN-FGFR2
EX6E:EX2
1 (4%)
Total
25 (100%)
FGFR1-3 fusions define a unique molecular subtype of lung cancer. Depending on the concurrent genetic alterations, combined targeted therapy might be an optimal strategy to control tumor growth for these pts.
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P2.04 - Immuno-oncology (ID 167)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Immuno-oncology
- Presentations: 1
- Now Available
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.04-54 - Characteristic of MSI-H Lung Cancer Patients Identified with Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (Now Available) (ID 2435)
10:15 - 18:15 | Author(s): Gen Lin
- Abstract
Background
MSI-H/dMMR predicts response to immune oncology (IO) agents and is an approved biomarker for pembrolizumab therapy irrespective of histologic diagnosis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed a large cohort of lung cancer patients using targeted next generation sequencing to examine the prevalence and clinicopathologic associations of MSI-H in lung cancers.
Method
MSI and TMB status was derived from a 1021 gene targeted next generation sequencing panel. MSI was analyzed using MSIsensor 0.5, that relies on an empirically defined cutoff of MSI score>10%, as MSI-H. TMB analysis interrogated single nucleotide variants, small insertion and deletion, with VAF ≥3 %. TMB-H pts were identified with ≥9 mut/MB (upper quartile of data from geneplus).
Result
5592 lung cancer patients were interrogated in the study, with 4753 lung adenocarcinoma, 559 lung squamous cell carcinoma, 112 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC), and 168 rare lung cancer types including pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma, carcinoid and so on. A total of 12 lung tumors were identified as MSI-H (0.21%), and 5 were lung adenocarcinoma (0.1%), 3 were small cell lung cancer (2.7%), 1 was lung squamous cell carcinoma (0.18%), 2 were pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas, and 1 was pulmonary carcinoid (1.8%). The incidence was higher in small cell lung cancer and rare lung cancer subtypes. The average diagnosis age of the 12 patients were 53 years (range: 16-74). All the patients were TMB-H, with the TMB averaged 51.23 mut/Mb (range: 10-70 mut/Mb). Two of the 5 lung adenocarcinoma patients carried EGFR L858R or 19del mutation. One patient who had both NRAS G12V and EGFR Ex20 mutation had tried nivolumab (120mg) for one cycle with deteriorating of cough and progression of disease.
Conclusion
MSI-H is very rare in lung tumors, where it appears to enrich in small cell lung cancer and rare lung cancer subtypes. MSI-H lung cancer patients tend to have a younger diagnosis age. MSI-H may coexist with other driver alterations, including those negatively associated with IO response. Additional investigation is needed to determine efficacy of IO in these patients.
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P2.14 - Targeted Therapy (ID 183)
- Event: WCLC 2019
- Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
- Track: Targeted Therapy
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/09/2019, 10:15 - 18:15, Exhibit Hall
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P2.14-09 - Concurrent TP53 Mutation Adversely Impact the Efficacy of Crizotinib in ROS1-Rearranged Lung Cancer Patients (ID 2158)
10:15 - 18:15 | Presenting Author(s): Gen Lin
- Abstract
Background
ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are now standard of care for patients with advanced ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. But factors that may affect the efficacy of ROS1 TKIs remain to be explored.
Method
We conducted a retrospective multicenter study of lung cancer patients with ROS1 rearrangements. Treatment and survival follow-up was done and clinical records were reviewed. PFS distribution was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test.
Result
In total, we included 94 lung cancer patients with ROS1 fusion genes profiled by next-generation sequencing from May 2016 to September 2018. Fifty of them were female. The median diagnosis age was 54 (25-83). The most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma, which was confirmed in 75 of 78 patients with available pathological results. The most common fusion partners were CD74, EZR, SDC4 and SLC34A2 identified in 42, 19, 12 and 8 patients respectively. Concurrent actionable mutations were uncommon for ROS1 fusion-positive patients. The most frequent concomitant mutated gene was TP53, which was detected in 33% of all the patients. After excluding 29 patients who were lost to follow-up at the very start, the median follow-up time was 8.5 (0-28) months from the moment when mutation profiling was performed. Thirty-nine patients received treatment with crizotinib, among whom 27 were treatment-naïve patients. The median PFS of the 39 patients with crizotinib was not reached yet. Patients with baseline CNS metastasis tend to have shorter PFS compared to patients without (median, 12 vs NR, p = 0.0073). Besides, concurrent TP53 mutations were correlated with worse PFS (median, both NR, p = 0.0417). Mutation profiles of 10 patients were derived from ctDNA testing. No difference was found in PFS between these 10 patients with others whose genomic profiles were based on fresh tissue or FFPE specimens, suggesting that plasma ctDNA serves as good specimen source for mutation profiling to monitor clinical treatment.
Conclusion
Concurrent TP53 mutation and presence of CNS metastasis are associated with decreased PFS of ROS1-positive patients treated with crizotinib.
