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Daijiro Harada



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    P1.01 - Advanced NSCLC (Not CME Accredited Session) (ID 933)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
    • Track:
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/24/2018, 16:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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      P1.01-33 - Randomized Phase 2 Study Comparing CBDCA+PTX+BEV and CDDP+PEM+BEV in Treatment-Naïve Advanced Non-Sq NSCLC (CLEAR study) (ID 12448)

      16:45 - 18:00  |  Author(s): Daijiro Harada

      • Abstract
      • Slides

      Background

      Bevacizumab (BEV) combined with platinum-based chemotherapy is a standard treatment for advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (non-Sq NSCLC). Cisplatin (CDDP) + pemetrexed (PEM) is suggested as the most promising chemotherapy regimen combined with BEV. However, no study has been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CDDP+PEM+BEV compared with carboplatin (CBDCA) + paclitaxel (PTX) + BEV for advanced non-Sq NSCLC.

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method

      Treatment-naïve patients with advanced or recurrent EGFR/ALK-negative non-Sq NSCLC from 55 sites across Japan were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to either CDDP+PEM+BEV (4 cycles of CDDP [75 mg/m2] + PEM [500 mg/m2] + BEV [15 mg/kg] q3wk, followed by maintenance PEM + BEV q3wk until progression) or CBDCA+PTX+BEV (4 cycles of CBDCA [AUC 6] + PTX [200 mg/m2] + BEV q3wk, followed by maintenance BEV q3wk until progression). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by central review. The secondary endpoints were PFS by investigators, overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR) and safety profile. The target numbers of patients and events were determined to be 210 and 170, respectively, to observe a point estimate of HR for PFS (CDDP+PEM+BEV/CBDCA+PTX+BEV) <0.83 with a high probability (80%) when the true HR was 0.72.

      4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result

      Between May 2014 and May 2016, 199 patients were randomly assigned to receive CDDP+PEM+BEV (N=132) or CBDCA+PTX+BEV (N=67). The median follow-up duration was 20.6 months. PFS events occurred in 171 patients. The HR for PFS by central review (CDDP+PEM+BEV/CBDCA+PTX+BEV) was 0.825 (95% CI 0.600-1.134, median PFS, 7.6 vs 7.0 months). The median PFS by investigators was longer with CDDP+PEM+BEV than with CBDCA+PTX+BEV (HR 0.634, 95% CI 0.464-0.867, median PFS, 7.4 vs 6.8 months). The median OS was 24.5 months for CDDP+PEM+BEV and 23.6 months for CBDCA+PTX+BEV (HR 0.955, 95% CI 0.620-1.470). The ORR was 57% for CDDP+PEM+BEV and 55% for CBDCA+PTX+BEV. The most common ≥G3 adverse events in both arms (CDDP+PEM+BEV/CBDCA+PTX+BEV) were neutropenia (24%/64%), hyponatraemia (11%/9%) and hypertension (30%/23%).

      8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion

      CDDP+PEM is the most effective chemotherapy regimen combined with BEV for advanced non-Sq NSCLC.

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    P2.13 - Targeted Therapy (Not CME Accredited Session) (ID 962)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
    • Track:
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/25/2018, 16:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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      P2.13-18 - A Multicenter Prospective Biomarker Study to Explore Mechanisms of Afatinib Resistance Based on Digita PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing (ID 12187)

      16:45 - 18:00  |  Author(s): Daijiro Harada

      • Abstract

      Background

      Afatinib is an oral irreversible blocker of ErbB-family kinases and shows a pronounced anti-tumor efficacy for advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) positive for activating mutations of EGFR. We applied digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to explore mechanisms of afatinib resistance.

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method

      Eligible patients had advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR activating mutations. Tumor and plasma samples were collected before afatinib treatment and after treatment failure with disease progression (systemic progressive disease, SPD). DNA from the samples was analyzed by dPCR and NGS.

      4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result

      Thirty-five patients were enrolled, with a median follow-up time of 15.8 months. Among 25 patients with SPD, tumor, plasma, or both samples were available for 18, 23, and 16 individuals, respectively. dPCR and NGS detected EGFR T790M mutation in 13 (56.5%) and 11 (47.8%) of 23 plasma samples at SPD, with sensitivity and specificity compared with tumor samples being 83.3% and 70.0% (dPCR) and 50.0% and 70.0% (NGS), respectively. Applying the ratio of the number of T790M alleles to that of activating mutations (T/A) for determination of the T790M positivity improved the sensitivity and specificity of plasma analysis compared with tumor analysis to 83.3% and 100% (dPCR) and 57.1% and 100% (NGS), respectively. Among 25 patients with SPD, the T790M mutation of EGFR alone (n = 11), copy number gain (CNG) of NRAS (n = 1), CNG of MET (n = 1), CNG of EGFR plus T790M (n = 1), and CNG and E545K of PIK3CA plus T790M of EGFR (n = 1) were identified by NGS as putative resistance mechanisms against afatinib. No tumor showed transformation to small cell carcinoma. Median progression-free survival was longer in patients with than in those without T790M at SPD (15.1 versus 10.9 months, P =0.25). Median time to SPD was much longer in patients with than in those without T790M at SPD (17.9 versus 10.9 months, P =0.18).

      8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion

      Assessment of T/A ratio with dPCR or NGS improved specificity of plasma analysis for determination of T790M positivity compared with tumor analysis. dPCR and NGS analysis in tumor and plasma samples shed light on exploring mechanisms of afatinib resistance.

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