Author of

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  MA04 - Novel Approaches with IO (ID 900)

  • Event: WCLC 2018
  • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
  • Track: Immunooncology
  • Presentations: 1
  • Moderators:
  • Coordinates: 9/24/2018, 13:30 - 15:00, Room 107

  • 25785

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    MA04.07 - MicroRNA-Based Liquid Biopsy Combines with PD-L1 Tumor Expression to Predict Response to Immunotherapy in Advance NSCLC Patients (ID 12566)

    14:10 - 14:15  |  Author(s): Claudia Proto
    • Abstract
    • Presentation
    • Slides

    Background
    

    The advent of the new immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the PD-1/L1 axis drastically improves survival of advance non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, only a limited subset of patients actually benefits of ICIs treatment and PD-L1 as predictive biomarker has a limited efficacy. We have previously identified a plasma microRNA-signature classifier (MSC) reflecting a circulating tumor-host interaction with diagnostic and prognostic value in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening trials.

    a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method
    

    The tumor immune contexture of 40 LDCT-screening detected lung tumors was characterized by the “cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts” (CIBERSORT) software. In a consecutive series of 84 advanced lung cancer patients treated with ICIs, both plasma and tissue samples were collected and prospectively analyzed. Both 2-years progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in strata of plasma MSC risk level alone or combined with tumor PD-L1 expression were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analysis by log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards models.

    4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result
    

    A pro-tumorigenic immune contexture was identified in tumors of MSC high risk patients. Lower levels of cytotoxic CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and increased levels of Tregs, γδ T Cells, M2 macrophages characterized these tumors. In addition, genes differentially expressed according to MSC risk level (high vs. intermediate and low) were associated with 5-years OS in the screening series (p-values=0.02), as well as in additional 1000 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (p-values<0.01). In the 84 advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, the PFS hazard ratio ranged from 0.44 (95%CI: 0.25-0.75) of PD-L1 (adjusted p-value=0.005) and 0.38 (95%CI:0.2-0.73) of MSC (adjusted p-value=0.004) alone, to 0.25 (95%CI: 0.14-0.45) if combined (adjusted p-value<0.0001). In the subgroup of 45 patients with both plasma and tumor tissue available, the combination of MSC and PD-L1 stratified patients in three groups with 2-years PFS ranging from 25%to 10% and 0% (p-value=0.01) according to the presence of 2, 1 or 0 favorable markers, respectively. Similar results were obtained when considering OS, where the median survival time for patients with no favorable markers was 5.6 months (p-value<0.0001).

    8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion
    

    Overall, these findings suggest that a circulating microRNA-based risk level, reflecting an altered tumor immune contexture, could implement PD-L1 tumor tissue expression as predictive biomarkers of response to immunotherapy.

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