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Alexander Spira



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    MA21 - Molecular Subtyping, CBL3, and Non Coding RNA (ID 924)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Biology
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/25/2018, 15:15 - 16:45, Room 205 BD
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      MA21.01 - Cbl Mutations (mt) as Important Mediators of Oncogenic RTK Signaling in NSCLC (ID 12377)

      15:15 - 15:20  |  Author(s): Alexander Spira

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background

      Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, selectively regulates receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs), e.g. EGFR, MET. Cbl loss of function (LOF) mt can can prevent ubiquitination of EGFR and potentiate EGFR signaling. Cbl mt have been described in cases of EGFR-TKI resistance but because EGFR signaling can activate signaling of fusion kinases and other ERBB family members, the implications of Cbl mt warrant broad characterization

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method

      Biopsies from NSCLC pts tested with Next-Generation Sequencing on a 592-gene panel (Illumina NextSeq, ArcherDx) were analyzed retrospectively. Cbl domains of interest: LOF [tyrosine kinase binding (TKB), linker (L), ring finger (RF) and ubiquitin-associated (UBA)] and unclear function [N-terminal (NT) and proline-rich (PR)]. Chi-square analysis was used to compare co-alteration rates.

      4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result

      Among 4,484 NSCLC pts’ tumors (50% M/50% F; age range: 20-90, profiled 11/16-12/17), 222 had Cbl mt (5%), of which 65 (29% of mt, 1.4% of cohort) were LOF: 13% TKB (29), 7% L (15), 5% RF (13), and 3.6% UBA (8). Cbl LOF mt were primarily observed in adenocarcinomas (48/65), metastatic sites (35/65) and equal between M/F. Cbl mt in other domains: 23% PR (51) and 14% NT (31). Co-mutation distribution is shown in table below. Cbl LOF mt that disrupt Cbl function (H398N, S407C, C396R, Y371D, T377I/H) or interactions w/ RTK (S216G, P288S, F325L) co-occurred w/ oncogenes in nine pts: EGFR (L858R, S768I, exon19del+T790M), ERBB3 (V104M, G284R), EML4-ALK (n = 2), CD74-ROS1 (n = 1), and HER2 (D1125E).

      LOF

      WT

      Oncogene

      pos/total (%)

      P

      ERBB3 mt

      2/65 (3.1)

      6/4329 (0.1)

      < 0.001

      EGFR mt

      3/65 (4.6)

      491/4329 (11.3)

      0.08

      METex14

      0/65 (0)

      100/4329 (2.3)

      0.2

      ROS

      1/60 (1.7)

      22/3976 (0.6)

      0.2

      KRAS mt

      14/65 (21)

      1242/3086 (29)

      0.2

      BRAF V600E

      0/65 (0)

      56/4312 (1.3)

      0.3

      ALK

      2/60 (3.3)

      97/4175 (2.3)

      0.6

      ERBB4 mt

      0/65 (0)

      6/4329 (0.1)

      0.7

      HER2 mt

      1/65 (1.5)

      58/4328 (1.3)

      0.9

      8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion

      Regulation of RTK signaling through Cbl-mediated degradative pathways represents an important node for dysregulation in cancer. Presence of Cbl LOF mt in oncogene-driven tumors may provide a bypass signaling-enabled molecular landscape. Further analysis of the role of Cbl LOF mt in de-novo or acquired TKI resistance in pts identified is planned.

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    OA05 - Clinical Trials in IO (ID 899)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Advanced NSCLC
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/24/2018, 13:30 - 15:00, Room 106
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      OA05.02 - Epacadostat Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Phase 1/2 Results from ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037 (ID 13535)

      13:40 - 13:50  |  Author(s): Alexander Spira

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background

      Epacadostat (E) is a potent, highly selective inhibitor of the indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme. ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037 is an open-label, phase 1/2 study of E + pembrolizumab (P) in patients (pts) with advanced tumors (NCT02178722). We report updated efficacy and safety data for the phase 1 and 2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohort as of 8 Jan 2018 data cutoff.

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method

      Adult pts with prior platinum-based therapy (tx), no prior immune checkpoint inhibitors, and those intolerant to EGFR-targeted therapy were eligible. Pts could receive E (25, 50, 100, or 300 mg twice daily [BID]) + P (2 mg/kg or 200 mg every 3 weeks [Q3W]) during phase 1; maximum tolerated dose was not achieved. E (100 mg BID) + P (200 mg Q3W) tx doses were selected for phase 2 evaluation. Efficacy was assessed by RECIST v1.1 criteria. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) was evaluated using the 22C3 pharmDx assay. IDO1 status was measured by RNAScope. Safety was assessed in pts receiving ≥1 E + P dose.

      4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result

      A total of 70 pts (phase 1, n=12; phase 2, n=58) were evaluated. Median age was 63 years and 57% of pts were female. EGFR mutation status (+/-/not available) was 10%/71%/19%; KRAS status was 19%/26%/56%, respectively. Most pts had adenocarcinoma (70%), a history of smoking (76%), and 0–1 prior lines of tx (64%). PD-L1 TPS results were available in 55/70 pts; IDO1 status (+/-) in 41/70 pts. Overall, the objective response rate (ORR; complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]) and disease control rate (CR + PR + stable disease [SD]) were 29% (20/70; 17 PR) and 50% (35/70; 15 SD), respectively. ORR was 22% (2/9) in pts with TPS ≥50% and 0–1 prior tx; for pts with TPS <50% and 0–1 prior tx, ORR was 22% (5/23). ORR for pts with IDO1+ and IDO1- tumors were 24% (6/25) and 19% (3/16), respectively. At data cutoff, 10/20 responses were ongoing. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.0 mo (90% confidence interval, 2.1–6.2 mo); PFS rates at 6, 12, and 18 mo were 43% (33%–53%), 31% (22%–40%), and 17% (10%–26%), respectively. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 27% of pts; 3 pts discontinued due to TRAEs; and no TRAEs led to death.

      8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion

      The E + P combination was generally well tolerated and associated with promising responses in pts with NSCLC.

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    P1.01 - Advanced NSCLC (Not CME Accredited Session) (ID 933)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
    • Track:
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/24/2018, 16:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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      P1.01-83 - IMpower150: Impact of Chemotherapy Cycles in 1L Metastatic NSCLC in Patients Treated With Atezolizumab + Bevacizumab (ID 12180)

      16:45 - 18:00  |  Author(s): Alexander Spira

      • Abstract
      • Slides

      Background

      In the randomized Phase III IMpower150 study, atezolizumab (anti–programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-L1]) + bevacizumab + chemotherapy (Arm B) showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) over bevacizumab + chemotherapy (Arm C) in patients with first-line (1L) nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study protocol allowed investigator choice of 4 or 6 chemotherapy cycles. The objective of this exploratory analysis was to assess the impact of chemotherapy cycles on safety and efficacy outcomes.

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method

      Patients were categorized based on actual chemotherapy cycles received in Arm B. Landmark analysis of PFS was performed to assess the benefit of 4 vs 6 chemotherapy cycles. Sensitivity analyses were performed to adjust the numerically imbalanced baseline factors.

      4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result

      A total of 356 patients were randomized in Arm B; 188 patients (53%) were planned to receive 4 cycles, and 168 patients (47%) were planned to receive 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Within these 2 groups, 143 (76%) and 98 patients (58%) completed 4 and 6 chemotherapy cycles, respectively. The demographic and baseline disease characteristics were balanced, except for race (Asian vs other), smoking status, and PD-L1 status (TC3 or IC3 vs other). The landmark PFS analysis showed no difference between patients who completed 4 vs 6 cycles (HR 0.83 [95% CI: 0.59, 1.17). The sensitivity analyses, which adjusted for race, smoking status, or PD-L1, showed comparable results (adjusted HRs of 0.80, 0.85, or 0.91, respectively).

      8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion

      In the atezolizumab + bevacizumab + chemotherapy arm, patients who received 4 cycles of chemotherapy appeared to have similar PFS benefit as those who received 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Detailed analyses of varying chemotherapy cycles, safety analyses, and impact on OS will be presented.

      6f8b794f3246b0c1e1780bb4d4d5dc53

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    P1.13 - Targeted Therapy (Not CME Accredited Session) (ID 945)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Poster Viewing in the Exhibit Hall
    • Track:
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/24/2018, 16:45 - 18:00, Exhibit Hall
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      P1.13-44 - Safety, PK, and Preliminary Antitumor Activity of the Oral EGFR/HER2 Exon 20 Inhibitor TAK-788 in NSCLC (ID 12373)

      16:45 - 18:00  |  Author(s): Alexander Spira

      • Abstract
      • Slides

      Background

      TAK-788 (AP32788) is an investigational tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with potent, selective preclinical activity against activating EGFR and HER2 mutations, including exon 20 insertions. We report early results of a phase 1/2 first-in-human, open-label, multicenter study of TAK-788 (NCT02716116).

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419 Method

      Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) refractory to standard therapy received daily oral doses (5–120 mg) of TAK-788 in the ongoing dose-escalation phase (3+3 design). Preliminary antitumor activity (by RECIST v1.1), safety, and PK are reported for patients who received ≥1 dose.

      4c3880bb027f159e801041b1021e88e8 Result

      As of 8-Sep-2017, 34 patients (median age, 60 y; female, 65%; ≥2 prior anticancer therapies, 88%; Table) were treated with TAK-788; 10 remain on treatment at data cutoff. AUC0‑24,ss increased in a dose-proportional manner over the dose range evaluated; the effective t1/2 was ~16 (range 6–28) h. The most common treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs; ≥20%) were diarrhea (47%), nausea (26%), and fatigue (21%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs in ≥2 patients (excluding disease progression) were dyspnea (n=3, 9%) and anemia, asthenia, dehydration, lung infection, pleural effusion, pneumonia, and pneumonitis (n=2 each, 6%). Two DLTs, both pneumonitis, were reported (80 mg, grade 3; 120 mg, grade 5). Of 14 evaluable patients, 3 had PR (80 mg, n=2, both confirmed; 120 mg, single PR awaiting confirmation), 6 had SD (40 mg, n=3; 80 mg, n=2; 120 mg, n=1), and 5 had PD as best response (40 mg, n=3; 80 mg, n=1; 120 mg, n=1). All patients with PR had EGFR exon 20 insertions.

      8eea62084ca7e541d918e823422bd82e Conclusion

      TAK-788 exhibits antitumor activity in patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions with an AE profile consistent with other EGFR TKIs. Phase 2 will begin after determination of the RP2D, with 4 molecularly defined cohorts in NSCLC. Updated data will be presented, including the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D).

      Baseline Characteristics

      5 mg

      (n=4)

      10 mg

      (n=5)

      20 mg

      (n=5)

      40 mg

      (n=6)

      80 mg

      (n=7)

      120 mg

      (n=7)

      Total

      (n=34)

      Mutation type,a %

      Common EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion / L8585R) 25 20 0 0 0 0 6
      EGFR-T790M+ 0 0 0 0 14 0 3
      EGFR exon 20 insertion 50 40 60 83 71 57 62
      HER2 0 20 40 17 14 29 21
      a One patient (20 mg) had both EGFR and HER2 mutations; 1 patient (80 mg) had EGFR exon 20 insertion + T790M.

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    PL02 - Presidential Symposium - Top 5 Abstracts (ID 850)

    • Event: WCLC 2018
    • Type: Plenary Session
    • Track: Advanced NSCLC
    • Presentations: 1
    • Moderators:
    • Coordinates: 9/25/2018, 08:15 - 09:45, Plenary Hall
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      PL02.03 - Brigatinib vs Crizotinib in Patients With ALK Inhibitor-Naive Advanced ALK+ NSCLC: First Report of a Phase 3 Trial (ALTA-1L) (ID 11155)

      08:30 - 08:40  |  Author(s): Alexander Spira

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background

      Brigatinib has robust efficacy in crizotinib-resistant ALK+ NSCLC, exhibiting median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 16.7 months. We report results of the first interim analysis from the ALTA-1L study of brigatinib vs crizotinib in ALK TKI-naive, ALK+ NSCLC (NCT02737501).

      This open-label, multicenter study enrolled patients with stage IIIB/IV ALK+ NSCLC based on local ALK testing (FDA approved/other). Eligible patients had ECOG PS 0–2, ≤1 prior systemic therapy for locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC, and no prior ALK inhibitor. Asymptomatic CNS metastases were allowed. All patients had systematic CNS imaging. Patients were randomized 1:1 to brigatinib 180 mg QD with 7-day lead-in at 90 mg or crizotinib 250 mg BID. Primary endpoint: blinded independent review committee (BIRC)-assessed PFS (RECIST v1.1). Secondary efficacy endpoints included BIRC-assessed objective response rate (ORR), intracranial ORR (iORR), and intracranial PFS (iPFS). Interim analyses were planned at 50% and 75% of planned PFS events (n=198).

      275 patients were randomized (brigatinib/crizotinib, n=137/138); median age (years) 58/60. 26%/27% received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease, and 29%/30% had baseline brain metastases. At data cut-off (19 February 2018), median follow-up brigatinib/crizotinib: 11.0/9.25 months; with 99 PFS events, brigatinib met the prespecified threshold for statistical superiority vs crizotinib in the primary endpoint, BIRC-assessed PFS (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.33–0.74, log-rank P=0.0007); brigatinib mPFS was not reached (95% CI NR–NR) vs crizotinib 9.8 months (95% CI 9.0–12.9). Investigator-assessed PFS HR 0.45 (95% CI 0.30–0.68), log-rank P=0.0001. Table shows additional efficacy data. Most common treatment-emergent AEs grade ≥3: brigatinib: increased CPK (16.2%), increased lipase (13.2%), hypertension (9.6%); crizotinib: increased ALT (9.5%), AST (5.8%), and lipase (5.1%). Any grade ILD/pneumonitis: brigatinib, 3.7%; crizotinib, 2.2%. Discontinuations due to AE (brigatinib/crizotinib): 11.8%/8.8%.

      Brigatinib showed a statistically and clinically significant improvement in PFS compared with crizotinib in ALK inhibitor–naive ALK+ NSCLC.

      BIRC-Assessed Endpoint, %

      Brigatinib

      (n=137)

      Crizotinib

      (n=138)

      P-Value
      All patients
      ORRa 76 (68–83b) 73 (65–80b)
      Confirmed ORR 71 (62–78b) 60 (51–68b) 0.0678
      With any intracranial CNS metastases
      (n=43) (n=47)
      iORRa 79 (64–90b) 23 (12–38b)
      Confirmed iORR 67 (51–81b) 17 (8–31b) <0.0001
      Median iPFS, months NR (11–NRb) 6 (4–9b)
      1-year iPFS 67 (47–80b) 21 (6–42b)
      HR 0.27 (0.13–0.54) <0.0001c
      With measurable intracranial CNS metastases
      (n=18) (n=21)
      iORRa 83 (59–96b) 33 (15–57b)
      Confirmed iORR 78 (52–94b) 29 (11–52b) 0.0028
      aResponse, ≥1 assessment; b95% CI; cLog-rank.

      a9ded1e5ce5d75814730bb4caaf49419

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