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S. Viteri
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MA 12 - Circumventing EGFR Resistance (ID 665)
- Event: WCLC 2017
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:Wan Ling Tan, Nobuyuki Yamamoto
- Coordinates: 10/17/2017, 11:00 - 12:30, F205 + F206 (Annex Hall)
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MA 12.02 - Phase I/II Study of S49076, a MET/AXL/FGFR Inhibitor, Combined with Gefitinib in NSCLC Patients Progressing on EGFR TKI (ID 7974)
11:00 - 12:30 | Author(s): S. Viteri
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
S49076 is a potent ATP-competitive TKI that targets MET, AXL and FGFR1/2/3 at clinically relevant doses. Preclinical data showed that combination of S49076 with 1[st] generation EGFR-TKI can overcome acquired resistance to EGFR inhibition in a NSCLC EGFR-mutated MET-amplified cell model. Here we report interim phase I data from NSCLC patients treated with S49076 in combination with gefitinib to overcome acquired non-EGFR-T790M-mediated resistance to EGFR TKI (1[st]/2[nd] generation).
Method:
This is a phase I dose-finding study of S49076 combination with a standard dose of gefitinib using a modified Bayesian Continual Reassessment Method with S49076 doses of 500 and 600mg. Both agents are administered orally once daily. The primary objective is to determine the safety profile of the combination and the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) based on safety assessments. Patients are selected according to tumor status; they carried an activating-EGFR mutation without secondary T790M mutation and with at least one of the following dysregulations: MET IHC3+, MET FISH 2+/3+, or AXL IHC 2+/3+.
Result:
In June 2017, molecular screening was performed in 48 EGFR/T790M-negative tumor samples to assess MET and AXL dysregulation. 17/48 met the molecular eligibility criteria: 12/17 with MET overexpression/amplification; 4/17 with both MET overexpression/amplification and AXL overexpression; and 1/17 with AXL overexpression. As regards S49076 dose levels, 4 patients were included at 500 mg and 4 at 600 mg. Five patients discontinued treatment: 4 disease progression and 1 consent withdrawal. The most frequent related AEs (≥2 patients) were asthenia (n=5), diarrhea, nausea and paronychia (n=4 each), ASAT/ALAT increase, anemia, and yellow skin (n=3 each), peripheral edema, stomatitis, blood creatinine increase, vomiting, hypoalbuminemia, and decreased appetite (n=2 each); most were grade 1-2. A DLT occurred in 1 patient at 600mg (grade 3 stomatitis). The other severe related AEs included grade 3 ALAT increase, asthenia, and neutrophil count decrease. Concomitant intake of gefitinib did not appear to modify the S49076 PK profile as compared to previous data. The best overall response rate were partial response (PR, 1/8), stable disease (SD, 6/8), and progressive disease (1/8), including 3 patients with PR/SD ≥6 months.
Conclusion:
According to preliminary data, the frequency of MET and AXL dysregulations is consistent with the literature. Combination of S49076 and gefitinib is well tolerated and safety data are consistent with the overall safety profile of each drug. The phase II part of this study will start once the RP2D is defined to evaluate the anti-tumour activity of the combination.
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P1.07 - Immunology and Immunotherapy (ID 693)
- Event: WCLC 2017
- Type: Poster Session with Presenters Present
- Track: Immunology and Immunotherapy
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 10/16/2017, 09:30 - 16:00, Exhibit Hall (Hall B + C)
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P1.07-015 - Interferon-Gamma (INFG) as a Biomarker to Guide Immune Checkpoint Blockade (ICB) in Cancer Therapy (ID 8939)
09:30 - 16:00 | Author(s): S. Viteri
- Abstract
Background:
PD-L1 is induced by oncogenic signals or via INFG. STAT3, through DNMT1, epigenetically silences STAT1 and RIG-I and opposes INFG signaling. TET1 is a DNA demethylase. I kappa B kinase epsilon (IKBKE), a noncanonical I-kappa-B kinase, is essential for INFG induction, but can also promote NFATc1 phosphorylation and T cell response inhibition. Eomesodermin (Eomes) regulates T cell exhaustion. CCL5 (or Rantes), dependent on STAT3, causes myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) recruitment. YAP1 can also drive MDSC recruitment via CXCL5 signaling. We have explored whether the expression of genes related to INFG signaling, T cell exhaustion and MDSC recruitment is associated with response to ICB.
Method:
Total RNA from pre-treatment tissue samples of 17 NSCLC and 21 melanoma patients treated with nivolumab and pembrolizumab respectively, was analyzed by qRT-PCR. INFG, STAT3, IKBKE, STAT1, RIG-I and PD-L1 mRNA were examined. CCL5, YAP1, CXCL5, NFATC1, EOMES and TET1 expression was additionally assessed. Gene expression was categorized with respect to tertiles and patients were divided into two risk groups (low and intermediate/high). CD8[+ ]tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PD-L1 protein expression in tumor and CD8[+ ]TILs were examined by immunohistochemistry (SP57 and SP142 assay, respectively). Progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and Disease Control Rate (DCR) were estimated.
Result:
Seventeen NSCLC patients, previously treated with one or more prior systemic therapies, received nivolumab. IKBKE was positively correlated with INFG (r=0.65, p=0.0124) and PD-L1 (r=0.58, p=0.0225) expression. RIG-I was loosely anticorrelated with NFATc1 (r=-0.55, p=0.0518). Among all biomarkers explored, only INFG was associated with PFS, OS and DCR. Specifically, PFS was significantly longer for nivolumab-treated patients with intermediate/high versus low INFG expression (5.1 versus 2.0 months, p=0.0124). OS was longer (though not statistically significant) for patients with intermediate/high versus low INFG expression (10.2 versus 4.9 months, p=0.0687). DCR to nivolumab was 71.43% for patients with intermediate/high INFG versus 0% for patients with low INFG expression. Neither PD-L1 immunohistochemistry expression nor CD8[+ ]TILs were related to nivolumab outcome. The same results were observed for 21 melanoma patients treated with pembrolizumab.
Conclusion:
IFNG production by T-cells plays critical roles in anti-cancer immune responses by augmentation of MHC Class I expression, growth arrest, post-proteasomal trimming of antigen epitopes, recruitment of effector cells, induction of T-regs fragility and PD-L1 expression. Further research is warranted in order to validate whether INFG is more accurate than PD-L1.
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P3.01 - Advanced NSCLC (ID 621)
- Event: WCLC 2017
- Type: Poster Session with Presenters Present
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 10/18/2017, 09:30 - 16:00, Exhibit Hall (Hall B + C)
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P3.01-073 - TPX-0005 with an EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) Overcomes Innate Resistance in EGFR Mutant NSCLC (ID 8956)
09:30 - 16:00 | Author(s): S. Viteri
- Abstract
Background:
Overexpression of several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) substitutes EGFR signaling in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. The MET ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) provides an alternative signaling mechanism for EGFR by inducing inter-receptor cross talk with EphA2, CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) or AXL. SHP2, a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase is central in signal transduction downstream of RTK signaling and in Src activation. We previously demonstrated that STAT3 and Src-YAP1 signaling limits EGFR TKI efficacy in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. We are now exploring the possibility of multiple RTK activation through a Src-YAP1-mediated transcriptional program. We are evaluating whether combined EGFR inhibition with TPX-0005, a novel orally available multikinase inhibitor and potent Src/FAK and JAK2 inhibitor, can be more efficient than EGFR inhibition alone in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells.
Method:
We studied the mRNA expression levels of stromal HGF and tumor RTKs, AXL, CDCP1, MET, and EphA2, as well as SHP2, and clinical outcome in baseline samples of 64 EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients treated with first-line EGFR TKI. We combined in vitro approaches to explore whether gefitinib or osimertinib combined with TPX-0005 can abolish STAT3 and Src-YAP1 and downregulate the expression of RTKs.
Result:
High levels of AXL, CDCP1 and SHP2 mRNA expression were associated with worse outcome to EGFR TKI in 64 EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 14.5 and 23.4 months for patients with high and low AXL mRNA, respectively (p=0.0359). Median PFS was 9.1 and 20.2 months for patients with high and low CDCP1 mRNA, respectively (p=0.0179). Tumoral EPHA2 and MET or stromal HGF levels did not affect PFS. Median PFS was 11.4 and 24.1 months for patients with high and low SHP2 mRNA, respectively (p=0.0094). The combination of gefitinib/osimertinib with TPX-0005 resulted in highly synergistic suppression of cell viability and reduced colony formation in two EGFR-mutant cell lines. The combination abolished the EGFR inhibition-induced STAT3 and YAP1 phosphorylation, as confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results of TaqMan quantitative-PCR assay revealed that gefitinib/osimertinib plus TPX-0005 reduced the mRNA levels of AXL, CDCP1 and MET, an effect that could not be obtained with EGFR inhibition alone. In vivo experiments are ongoing.
Conclusion:
AXL and CDCP1 are adverse predictive markers of PFS in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. STAT3 and Src-YAP1 signaling limits the efficacy EGFR TKI. Combined EGFR inhibition with TPX-0005 (currently in phase I clinical testing) is a particularly attractive strategy
