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D.S. Shames
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MA 05 - Immuno-Oncology: Novel Biomarker Candidates (ID 658)
- Event: WCLC 2017
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Immunology and Immunotherapy
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:Yoichi Nakanishi, P. Mitchell
- Coordinates: 10/16/2017, 15:45 - 17:30, Room 303 + 304
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MA 05.09 - Pre-Existing Immunity Measured by Teff Gene Expression in Tumor Tissue is Associated with Atezolizumad Efficacy in NSCLC (ID 10759)
15:45 - 17:30 | Author(s): D.S. Shames
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Association between T-effector (Teff) gene expression (GE), a marker of pre-existing immunity, and OS benefit with atezolizumab (anti–PD-L1) was demonstrated in the Phase II study POPLAR of atezolizumab vs docetaxel in 2L+ NSCLC. We analyzed Teff GE association with atezolizumab efficacy in a larger Phase III study, OAK.
Method:
Patients with 2L+ NSCLC were randomized to receive atezolizumab or docetaxel. Teff signature was defined by 3 genes (PD-L1, CXCL9, and IFNγ), and Teff GE was measured by averaging the normalized expression of each gene. Teff GE subgroups were defined by quartiles. PD-L1 expression was assessed using the SP142 IHC assay; the TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 subgroup had ≥ 1% PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TC) or tumor-infiltrating immune cells (IC).
Result:
753 of 850 patients from the OAK primary analysis constituted the biomarker evaluable population (BEP) for Teff GE. Expression of the Teff signature was associated with PD-L1 expression by IHC (P = 7.3×10[−45]). Although no significant PFS benefit with atezolizumab vs docetaxel was observed in the BEP (HR, 0.94 [95% CI: 0.81, 1.10]) or the TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 subgroup (HR, 0.93 [95% CI: 0.76, 1.15]), a gradient of improved PFS benefit with atezolizumab was observed with increasing Teff GE. Significant PFS benefit occurred with ≥ median Teff GE cutoff (HR, 0.73 [95% CI: 0.58, 0.91]; Table). Teff GE also enriched for improved OS; however, a trend toward OS benefit was still observed in patients with low Teff GE (Table).Table. PFS and OS with atezolizumab vs docetaxel by PD-L1 IHC and Teff GE subgroups PFS, HR (95% CI) OS, HR (95% CI) OAK primary population (N = 850)[a] ITT[a] 0.95 (0.82, 1.10) 0.73 (0.62, 0.87) TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3[a ](n = 463) 0.91 (0.74, 1.12) 0.74 (0.58, 0.93) TC2/3 or IC2/3[a] (n = 265) 0.76 (0.58, 0.99) 0.67 (0.49, 0.90) OAK BEP for Teff GE (N = 753) BEP 0.94 (0.81, 1.10) 0.71 (0.59, 0.85) TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 (n = 420) 0.93 (0.76, 1.15) 0.74 (0.58, 0.95) Teff GE subgroups ≥ 25% (n = 570) 0.91 (0.76, 1.09) 0.67 (0.54, 0.83) < 25% (n = 183) 1.11 (0.82, 1.49) 0.87 (0.63, 1.21) ≥ 50% (n = 379) 0.73 (0.58, 0.91) 0.59 (0.46, 0.76) < 50% (n = 374) 1.30 (1.05, 1.61) 0.87 (0.68, 1.11) ≥ 75% (n = 190) 0.66 (0.48, 0.91) 0.60 (0.42, 0.87) < 75% (n = 563) 1.10 (0.92, 1.31) 0.76 (0.62, 0.92) [a]Rittmeyer A. et al. Lancet, 2017;389:255-265. NCT02008227.
Conclusion:
This is the first demonstration of the association between markers of Teff biology and clinical outcomes with cancer immunotherapy in a randomized Phase III trial. Teff GE may reflect pre-existing immunity and be a more sensitive biomarker compared with PD-L1 IHC, identifying more patients (50% prevalence) likely to experience PFS benefit with atezolizumab.
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P1.04 - Clinical Design, Statistics and Clinical Trials (ID 690)
- Event: WCLC 2017
- Type: Poster Session with Presenters Present
- Track: Clinical Design, Statistics and Clinical Trials
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 10/16/2017, 09:30 - 16:00, Exhibit Hall (Hall B + C)
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P1.04-011 - Development of Novel Blood-Based Biomarker Assays in 1L Advanced/ Metastatic NSCLC: Blood First Assay Screening Trial (BFAST) (ID 8398)
09:30 - 16:00 | Author(s): D.S. Shames
- Abstract
Background:
Worldwide it is estimated that 20%-30% of advanced NSCLC patients do not receive a complete molecular diagnosis at baseline and are ineligible for targeted therapies due to tissue biopsy limitations. Blood-based, multiplex testing that analyzes circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) by targeted next-generation sequencing offers a minimally invasive testing method, but clinical utility has yet to be established. High tumor mutational burden (TMB) measured in tissue is associated with atezolizumab (anti–PD-L1) clinical activity in several tumor types, including NSCLC. Alectinib, a potent, selective ALK/RET kinase inhibitor, has shown activity in 1L and is approved as 2L therapy in patients with ALK- or RET-positive advanced NSCLC but requires tissue for analysis. Here we present an umbrella trial that aims to clinically validate novel blood-based diagnostic assays that measure TMB in the blood (bTMB) and somatic mutations (e.g., ALK/RET), and to determine the efficacy and safety of 1L atezolizumab or alectinib in biomarker-selected NSCLC patients.
Method:
BFAST is a Phase II/III global, multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort screening and interventional umbrella trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of targeted therapies in patients with unresectable, advanced or metastatic NSCLC selected based on the presence of oncogenic somatic mutations or a positive bTMB score. Key eligibility criteria include previously untreated, stage IIIB-IVB NSCLC of any histology and measurable disease per RECIST v1.1. Pre-enrollment blood-based screening will identify patients whose tumors harbor oncogenic somatic mutations (ALK/RET) or a positive bTMB score (above a pre-specified cutoff); patients will be assigned to the appropriate cohort based on the screening results. Study treatment will continue until disease progression (all cohorts) or loss of clinical benefit (atezolizumab only) (Table). The modular trial design allows for additional biomarker-driven BFAST cohorts with distinct screening and treatment requirements, and endpoints such as ORR with highly active drugs.Table. BFAST Study Details Cohort Treatment Planned Enrollment, n Primary Endpoints Key Secondary Endpoints Cohort AALK+ Alectinib 600 mg PO bid 78 ORR per RECIST v1.1 (INV-assessed) DOR, CBR[c] and PFS per RECIST v1.1 (INV-assessed) ORR, DOR, CBR and PFS per RECIST v1.1 (IRF-assessed) OS Cohort B RET+ Alectinib 900 and 1200 mg dose escalation 52-62 ORR per RECIST v1.1 (INV-assessed) DOR, CBR and PFS per RECIST v1.1 (INV-assessed) ORR, DOR, CBR and PFS per RECIST v1.1 (IRF-assessed) OS Cohort C bTMB+ Atezolizumab 1200 mg IV q3w or platinum-based chemotherapy[a] ≈440 (R, 1:1)[b] PFS per RECIST v1.1 (INV-assessed) OS PFS, ORR and DOR per RECIST v1.1 (IRF-assessed) ORR and DOR per RECIST v1.1 (INV-assessed) 6- and 12-month PFS rates [a ]Cisplatin or carboplatin + pemetrexed for non-squamous histology, and cisplatin or carboplatin + gemcitabine for squamous histology. Administered per standard of care. [b ]Stratification factors include tissue availability, ECOG performance status, bTMB level and tumor histology. [c ]CBR is defined as the rate of patients with confirmed CR or PR or stable disease that has been maintained for ≥ 24 weeks. bid, twice a day; bTMB, blood tumor mutational burden; CBR, clinical benefit rate; INV, investigator; IRF, independent review facility; IV, intravenously; PO, orally; q3w, every 3 weeks; R, randomized.
Result:
Section not applicable
Conclusion:
Section not applicable
