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S. Deo



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    Imaging and locally advanced NSCLC (ID 41)

    • Event: ELCC 2017
    • Type: Poster Discussion session
    • Track:
    • Presentations: 1
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      45PD - Mediastinal nodal staging of non-small cell lung cancer using PET-CT in a tuberculosis-endemic country (ID 244)

      14:45 - 15:45  |  Author(s): S. Deo

      • Abstract

      Background:
      Integrated 18F-FDG, PET-CT has shown somewhat variable sensitivity and specificity for nodal staging in tuberculosis endemic areas. This variation is mainly because PET scans show falsely increased 18F-FDG uptake in inflammatory nodes, which may be observed in lymph nodes containing calcification or showing higher attenuations than those of surrounding vessels on unenhanced CT scans. The AIM of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of PET-CT for mediastinal nodal staging in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in a tuberculosis-endemic country.

      Methods:
      From February 2012 to February 2016, a total of 160 patients underwent surgery for pathologically proven NSCLC. Patients who received neoadjuvant treatment were excluded from the study. Assessment of the diagnostic efficacy of integrated PET- CT for detecting nodal metastasis was performed in 46 patients (Male to Female ratio:4; mean age- 55 years). Patients underwent an integrated PET/CT examination and subsequent surgical nodal staging. Nodes showing greater 18F-FDG uptake at PET without benign calcification or high attenuation >70 household unit (HU) at unenhanced CT were regarded as being positive for malignancy. All patients underwent hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection according to the AJCC lymph node map after resection of the main tumour. The histologic nodal assessment results were used as reference standards. Of these 46 patients, 10 (20%) had a past medical history of pulmonary tuberculosis as determined by clinical or imaging studies.

      Results:
      A total of 230 mediastinal nodal stations were evaluated in 46 patients; 5 (2%) stations in 4 (8%) patients proved to be malignant by histopathology. Mean number of lymph node stations were 5. On a per-nodal station basis, PET CT for mediastinal lymph nodes staging has sensitivity: 60%; specificity: 97%; accuracy: 96%; positive predictive value (PPV): 38%; negative predictive value (NPV): 99%.

      Conclusions:
      Integrated PET-CT provides high specificity and high accuracy, but low sensitivity for mediastinal staging of NSCLC. The high specificity is achieved at the expense of sensitivity by interpreting calcified nodes or nodes with high attenuation at CT, even with high FDG uptake at PET, as benign in a tuberculosis-endemic region.

      Clinical trial identification:


      Legal entity responsible for the study:
      Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi

      Funding:
      Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute Medical Sciences, New Delhi

      Disclosure:
      All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.