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D.E. Gerber



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    OA03 - Immunotherapy Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced NSCLC (ID 367)

    • Event: WCLC 2016
    • Type: Oral Session
    • Track: Chemotherapy/Targeted Therapy/Immunotherapy
    • Presentations: 1
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      OA03.01 - First-Line Nivolumab Monotherapy and Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Patients with Advanced NSCLC: Long-Term Outcomes from CheckMate 012 (Abstract under Embargo until December 5, 7:00 CET) (ID 5364)

      11:00 - 12:30  |  Author(s): D.E. Gerber

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background:
      Nivolumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, has demonstrated improved efficacy and tolerability vs docetaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC that progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy and is approved in >50 countries in this patient population. We report efficacy and safety data from a phase 1 study (CheckMate 012; NCT01454102) evaluating first-line nivolumab in patients with advanced NSCLC.

      Methods:
      Patients (N=52) with advanced, chemotherapy-naive NSCLC (any histology) were treated with nivolumab monotherapy at 3 mg/kg IV Q2W until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Safety and tolerability was the primary study objective. Efficacy, as measured by objective response rate (ORR) and 24-week progression-free survival (PFS) rate per RECIST v1.1, was the secondary objective. Overall survival (OS) was an exploratory endpoint.

      Results:
      Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 71% (any grade) and 19% (grade 3‒4) of patients. The most frequent select TRAEs (those with potential immunologic causes) by category were skin, endocrine, and gastrointestinal (Table). With a median follow-up of 14.3 months (range, 0.2 to 30.1), the confirmed ORR was 23% (12/52) and 8% (4/52) of patients had complete responses. Of the 12 responses, 8 (67%) were ongoing at the time of database lock; median duration of response was not reached. Median OS was 19.4 months (range, 0.2‒35.8+). The 24-week PFS rate was 41% (95% CI: 27‒54); 18-month OS rate was 57% (95% CI: 42‒70). Updated long-term data will be presented, including 2-year OS and will represent the longest follow-up to date for a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor for first-line advanced NSCLC. Updated data from patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab (N = 77) will also be presented.

      Nivolumab monotherapy (N=52)
      Safety
      Any grade / grade 3‒4 TRAEs,[a] n (%) 37 (71) / 10 (19)
      Any grade / grade 3‒4 select TRAEs,[a,b] by category (≥10% of patients), n (%)
      Skin 13 (25) / 2 (4)
      Endocrine 7 (14) / 0 (0)
      Gastrointestinal 6 (12) / 1 (2)
      Any grade / grade 3‒4 TRAEs leading to discontinuation, n (%) 6 (12) / 6 (12)
      Efficacy
      Confirmed ORR,[c] n (%) [95% CI] 12 (23) [13‒37]
      CR 4 (8)
      PR 8 (15)
      SD 14 (27)
      PD 20 (38)
      Unable to determine[d] 6 (12)
      Median DOR, mo (range) NR (4.2‒25.8+)
      Ongoing responders, n/N (%) 8/12 (67)
      Median PFS, mo (range) 3.6 (<0.1+‒28.0+)
      24-week PFS, % (95% CI) 41 (27‒54)
      Median OS, mo (range) 19.4 (0.2‒35.8+)
      1-year OS, % (95% CI) 73 (59‒83)
      18-month OS, % (95% CI) 57 (42‒70)
      Efficacy and safety analyses, except for OS, were based on a March 2015 database lock; OS analyses were based on an August 2015 database lock.[a]No grade 5 events were reported.[b]AEs with a potential immunologic cause.[c]Includes patients with initial observations of CR and PR that were subsequently confirmed by repeat scans performed no earlier than 4 weeks after the original observation.[d]Includes patients who discontinued therapy because of disease progression before first assessment or patients only with assessments suggestive of, but that did not satisfy, the required minimum duration for SD. CR = complete response; PR = partial response; SD = stable disease; PD = progressive disease; DOR = duration of response; NR = not reached.


      Conclusion:
      First-line nivolumab monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC had a similar safety profile as previously reported in second-line NSCLC and other tumors, was well tolerated, and demonstrated durable efficacy.

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    P3.02c - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 472)

    • Event: WCLC 2016
    • Type: Poster Presenters Present
    • Track: Advanced NSCLC
    • Presentations: 1
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      P3.02c-051 - A Pre-Treatment Serum Test Based on Complement and IL-10 Pathways Identifies Patients Benefiting from the Addition of Bavituximab to Docetaxel (ID 7068)

      14:30 - 15:45  |  Author(s): D.E. Gerber

      • Abstract

      Background:
      SUNRISE, a global, double-bind, Phase III trial of docetaxel (D) plus bavituximab (B) or D plus placebo (P) in previously treated non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, demonstrated similar overall survival (OS) in both treatment arms. Mass spectrometry and correlative analysis were used to create a test able to identify a subgroup of patients benefitting from the addition of B to D.

      Methods:
      Pre-treatment serum samples were available for 197 of the first 200 subjects enrolled in the trial. Mass spectra could be generated for 193 samples using the Deep MALDI method (Duncan et al, ASMS 2013), processed and features (peaks) identified. Mass spectral (MS) features associated with various biological functions were identified using a gene set enrichment analysis approach. Analysis of scores based on these MS feature, subsets indicated that in patients with high complement activation outcome depended on IL-10 activation in D+B but not in D+P. A test using the MS features associated with these functions was created to reliably identify a patient subgroup associated with clinical benefit using modern machine learning methods.

      Results:
      Complement activation, as assessed by a classifier trained using related MS features, was a prognostic factor in both treatment arms, with high activation associated with poorer clinical outcome (OS HR = 0.54, log-rank p = 0.013 for D+B; OS HR = 0.60, log-rank p = 0.040 for D+P). Within the subgroup with high complement activation [N=50 (D+B); N=54 (D+P)], a second classifier using features related to IL-10 activation was able to isolate a subgroup of patients showing numerical benefit from the addition of B [median OS 5.9 months (D+P), 12.5 months (D+B)]. The remaining subgroup showed no benefit from addition of B [median OS 10.4 months (D+P), 5.6 months (D+B)]. Blinded validation of the test in the remainder 397 patients randomized in SUNRISE is will be presented.

      Conclusion:
      Proteomic and correlative approaches identified complement activation and low IL-10 levels as important pathways for predicting improved outcomes of patient treatment with D+B, in line with preclinical work on B’s mechanism of action. The test resulting from this work will undergo blinded independent validation.