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H. Nakayama



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    OA01 - Risk Assessment and Follow up in Surgical Patients (ID 371)

    • Event: WCLC 2016
    • Type: Oral Session
    • Track: Surgery
    • Presentations: 1
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      OA01.07 - Alternative Follow-Up Methods Based on Recurrence Patterns after Surgery for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (ID 4323)

      11:00 - 12:30  |  Author(s): H. Nakayama

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background:
      There is no consensus for the appropriate follow-up of patients after complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our study was designed to visually represent postoperative recurrence patterns for NSCLC with the use of event dynamics and to optimize postoperative follow-up schedule based on risk factors for recurrence.

      Methods:
      A total of 829 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete pulmonary resection were studied. There were 538 men and 291 women with a mean age of 69.2 at the time of operation. The majority of the patients had adenocarcinoma (62.5%), underwent lobectomy (85.9%) and pathological stage IA (47.3%). Event dynamics, based on the hazard rate, were evaluated and only first events (distant metastases or local recurrence) were considered. The effects of sex, histological type and pathological stage were studied.

      Results:
      On non-parametric kernel smoothing, the resulting hazard rate curves indicated that the recurrence risk pattern was definitely correlated to sex, with a sharp peak in the first year for men and broad peak during the 2 to 3 years for women. This finding was also confirmed by the analysis of histological type. Although pathological stage IA patients lacked such a large peak in both sexes during the follow-up period, gender difference was shown in pathological stage IB and stage IIA to IIIB patients. Figure 1



      Conclusion:
      The use of recurrence dynamics allows the times of peak recurrence to be visualized. The hazard rate and the peak times of recurrence differed considerably between genders in pathological stage IB or higher. Postoperative follow-up methods should be based on currently recommended follow-up guidelines, give adequate consideration to the recurrence patterns, and be modified individually.

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    OA15 - Sublobar Resections for Early Stage NSCLC (ID 396)

    • Event: WCLC 2016
    • Type: Oral Session
    • Track: Surgery
    • Presentations: 1
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      OA15.01 - Limited Resection Trial for Pulmonary Sub-solid Nodules: Case Selection Based on High Resolution CT: Outcome at Median Follow-up of 105 Months (ID 4454)

      16:00 - 17:30  |  Author(s): H. Nakayama

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background:
      The objective of this study is to confirm limited resection efficacy as radical surgery in patients with minimally invasive lung cancer as indicated by high-resolution (HR) computed tomography (CT), and to confirm intraoperative cytology as a negative margin indicator and reliable margin non-recurrence predictor.

      Methods:
      Enrollment required patients with a tumor ≤ 2 cm in diameter, diagnosed or suspected as a clinical T1N0M0 carcinoma in the lung periphery based on a CT scan. They had to have a HRCT scan indicating a sub-solid nodule with tumor disappearance ratio; TDR ≥ 0.5. (TDR = 1- DM/DL; DM: maximum tumor diameter on mediastinal settings, DL: maximum tumor diameter on lung settings). Patients unfit for lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection were excluded. We performed a wedge or segmental resection. The used stapling cartridges were washed with saline, which was cytologically evaluated. If cytology was cancer positive, additional margin was resected, and cytologic examination repeated. If the second exam was positive, a routine lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection was performed. We aimed at enrolling 100 patients. The primary endpoint is 10-year local recurrence free survival rate.

      Results:
      This prospective study started in November 2003, and 101 patients were enrolled in 6 years. Of them, 99 were eligible for analysis. The mean age was 62 years (range: 30-75), and 60 were women. There were 11 Noguchi type A tumors, 54 type B tumors, 26 type C tumors, one type D tumor, one malignant lymphoma, 3 hyperplastic lesions, and 3 inflammatory fibroses. None of the 93 malignant nodules showed any vessel invasion. Although no positive cytology results were obtained, pathologically positive margin was reported after surgery in one type C patient. He later underwent a routine lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection. There was no clear correlation between tumor size, TDR, and Noguchi subtype. No mortality occurred, but one patient developed postoperative pneumothorax and pneumonia, and another hemorrhagic gastric ulcer. With a median follow-up period of 105 months (range: 72−129) as of June 2016, there have been no recurrences, but one patient died for unspecified cause.

      Conclusion:
      We have repeatedly warned that delayed cut-end recurrence is possible following limited resection even for small sub-solid lung cancers. So far, however, HRCT scans appear to predict non- or minimally invasive sub-solid lung cancers with high reliability, warranting limited resection as curative surgery in this cohort. Intraoperative cytology reliably indicated negative margins and seems to predict freedom from local recurrence.

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    P1.03 - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 455)

    • Event: WCLC 2016
    • Type: Poster Presenters Present
    • Track: Radiology/Staging/Screening
    • Presentations: 1
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      P1.03-022 - Possibility of FDG-PET Predicting the Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma: Multicenter Study (ID 5799)

      14:30 - 15:45  |  Author(s): H. Nakayama

      • Abstract

      Background:
      This multicenter study aimed to investigate the relationship of standardized uptake value (SUV) on [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and the clinicopathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinomas, and if it can be a predictor of prognosis of those patients.

      Methods:
      A total of 870 patients of adenocarcinoma patients received FDG-PET preoperatively and underwent curative resection with systematic lymph node dissection. The relationship among histological characteristics, pathological staging, prognosis, and SUV on FDG-PETmax was retrospectively examined.

      Results:
      The pathological stages of the cases were IA 526, IB 182, IIA 62, IIB 27, IIIA 67, IIIB 1, and IV 5, respectively. Pathological N1 (n = 60) and N2 (n = 58) cases showed a significantly higher SUVmax than N0 (n = 752) (9.15 ± 7.13 and 8.58 ± 6.14 vs 3.23 ± 4.16). Cases with pathological tumor invasiveness such as lymphatic, vascular or pleural infiltration showed a significantly higher SUVmax than cases with no invasiveness. (Ly negative; n=687, 2.76±3.59 vs Ly positive; n=183, 7.67±6.23, and v0; n=641, 2.18±2.58 vs v1 or 2; n=229, 8.30±6.23. p<0.001, respectively) The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for SUVmax used to predict the relapse-free survival was 2.9 (p < 0.001) in adenocarcinoma. The 3-year relapse-free survival was 97%/66% (SUVmax lower/ higher than 2.9) in adenocarcinoma. SUVmax was parallel to the aggressive nature based on histological subtypes (AIS +MIA; n=76, 0.51±0.58, Lepidic + Papillary + Acinar; n=686, 3.52±4.12, and Solid + Micropapillary; n=84, 8.52±6.67), which was statistically significant. (p<0.001 respectively)

      Conclusion:
      SUVmax of the primary tumor reflected the biological malignancy of lung adenocarcinomas. SUVmax is also useful for predicting pathological stage and prognosis. Multimodality treatment might be recommended in cases of high UVmax.