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L. Zhao
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MINI 06 - Quality/Prognosis/Survival (ID 111)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Treatment of Localized Disease - NSCLC
- Presentations: 2
- Moderators:R. Meguid, J. Yoshida
- Coordinates: 9/07/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, 605+607
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MINI06.01 - Prognostic Impact of Visceral Pleural Invasion and Its Degrees in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A SEER Database Analysis (ID 2256)
16:45 - 18:15 | Author(s): L. Zhao
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) is reported to be associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether a tumor size larger than 3cm with VPI should be upgraded to the next T stage remains unclear. In addition, few studies have clarified the impact of VPI according to nodal status, and whether degree of VPI (PL1, PL2) affects survival is controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of VPI and also develop a prognostic nomogram.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the SEER database from 2004 to 2011. Inclusion criteria were defined as: first and only primary NSCLC treated with lobectomy; staging as T1-3N0-2M0, no other non-size-based T factors except VPI. Tumors were divided into 10 groups: A, 0-2cm, non-VPI; B, 0-2cm, VPI; C, 2-3cm, non-VPI; D, 2-3cm, VPI; E, 3–5cm, non-VPI; F, 3–5cm, VPI; G, 5–7cm, non-VPI; H, 5–7cm, VPI; I, >7cm, non-VPI; J, >7cm, VPI. Kaplan-Meier overall survival (OS) curves were compared using the log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazard model was used, and identified independent prognostic factors were entered into the nomogram.
Results:
A total of 26,315 patients were finally identified, 5,941 patients (22.6%) had VPI. VPI showed an adverse impact in all tumor size groups in N0 status (p<0.001). Cox regression showed that VPI is an independent risk factor (HR 1.25; 95%CI 1.19-1.31). In N0 status, the survival rates were significantly different between B with C and D with E groups (p<0.001), whereas not significantly between F with G (p=0.405) and H with I (p=0.506). In N1 and N2 status, only the A and B groups showed a distinct survival impact (p=0.001). Between 2010 and 2011, 5,632 patients performed the elastic stain for differentiating the degrees of VPI, and survival was not significantly different between PL1 and PL2 (p=0.568). The C-index of the nomogram was 0.68. The calibration curves showed optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation of OS.Figure 1
Conclusion:
The presence of VPI, rather than the extent (PL1, PL2) has an adverse impact on NSCLC patients and N0 status. In a future TNM staging system, VPI should lead to upstaging to the next T category in current 3-7cm tumors. VPI is more aggressive in early-stage tumors, while its prognostic impact in node positive and locally invasive tumors is less significant. We further established and validated a nomogram to provide individual prediction of OS. The nomogram could be helpful for clinicians in decision making.
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MINI06.08 - Recognition Of 'Aggressive' Nodal Metastatic Behavior In 'Indolent' Ground Glass Opacity Lesions (ID 2345)
16:45 - 18:15 | Author(s): L. Zhao
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Radiologically characteristic ground-glass opacity (GGO) represents a special cohort of pulmonary adenocarcinomas that has been unanimously defined as biologically inert. Lymph node metastasis, however, occurs occasionally in these biologically "indolent" cancers. The incidence and underlying risk factors of nodal metastasis remain unknown.
Methods:
All surgically removed GGO lesions between Jan. 2008 and Dec. 2014 were reviewed from a single treatment institution. Pathologically-confirmed adenocarcinomas with systemic lymph node dissection or sampling were enrolled into the present study. All the lesions were classified into three groups according to the proportion of solid densities: Group I, pure GGO; Group II, 1% to 50%; and Group III, 50% to 100%. Risk factors analysis of lymph node involvement was performed by multivariate logistic regression.
Results:
Of the 867 patients eligible for this study, there were 566 (65.3%) females and 301 (34.7 %) males. 553 (63.7%) presented as pure GGOs (Group I) and 314 (36.2%) were mixed GGOs, of which 160 (18.5%) were in Group II and 154 (17.8%) group III. Lymph node metastasis was confirmed in 25 patients, including 12 pN1 and 13 pN2 cases. Among these 25 cases, 11 were Group II and 14 were Group III; 13 (13/367) had1-2cm tumors and 12 (12/136) had 2-3cm tumors, which also showed a significant statistical difference (p=0.016). Two of the 25 patients were deceased from lung cancer metastases at postoperative 23rd and 36thmonths, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed three predictors for lymph nodal metastasis: tumor size, preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen level, and proportion of the mix density. The ROC curves show cutoff values at 1.1cm, 2.75ng/ml and 21%, respectively.Figure 1Table1. Independent predictors of lymph node involvement by multivariate analysis
Variables Odds Ratio 95%CI P Tumor size 2.544 1.271-5.092 0.008 GGO status(Ratio) 3.272 1.759-6.089 <0.001 CEA level 9.672 3.805-24.584 <0.001
Conclusion:
Among the majority of "indolent" GGO lesions, lymph node metastasis occurs occasionally at 2.9%. A larger size, mixed GGOs with a higher proportion of solid component, and elevated serum CEA level were associated with a higher preference for nodal metastasis.
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P1.02 - Poster Session/ Treatment of Localized Disease – NSCLC (ID 209)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Poster
- Track: Treatment of Localized Disease - NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 9/07/2015, 09:30 - 17:00, Exhibit Hall (Hall B+C)
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P1.02-006 - Visceral Pleural Invasion Was Common in Larger (> 2 cm) Ground Glass Nodules, but Showed No Aggressive Prognostic Impact (ID 2348)
09:30 - 17:00 | Author(s): L. Zhao
- Abstract
Background:
Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) had been demonstrated as an aggressive sign in solid-density non-small-cell lung cancers. However, its incidence and clinical relevance in ground glass nodules (GGNs) has not been clarified. The present study aims to investigate the clinical, radiological and pathological features of GGNs in patients with VPI.
Methods:
All consecutive surgically treated patients with solitary GGNs between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were defined as: lesions < 3 cm and pleura abutting on computed tomography scan; pathologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancers. Patients with and without VPI were compared for clinical, radiological and pathologic parameters and survival.
Results:
A total of 121 patients were enrolled and 38 had pathologically proven VPI. The median patient age was 61 years old (range, 30-81 years old) and 45 (37.2%) patients were male. The mean follow-up duration was 30 months. The incidence of VPI was 43.9% (25/57) if the tumor diameter was > 2.0 cm and 20.3% (13/64) in < 2.0 cm (p=0.005). It was 20.9% (9/43) in pure GGNs and 37.2% (29/78) in part-solid GGNs (p=0.065). In cases with pleura indentation the incidence was 37.5% (24/64). In lepidic predominant, acinar predominant, papillary predominant and mucinous variant adenocarcinomas, the VPI rate was 44.7%, 84.60%, 52.9% and 100%, respectively (p=0.07). There were five lymph node involvement cases and three death cases due to distant metastasis. There was no statistical difference in 3-year overall survival between patients with VPI and without, nor between pure (all alive) and part-solid GGNs (p=0.956).
Conclusion:
VPI was more commonly seen in large (> 2 cm) GGNs and those with pleural indentations. Histologically it was more frequently seen when acinar was also predominant. Although commonly taken as an aggressive sign predictive of poor prognosis, the presence of VPI in GGNs may be associated with less prognostic significance. Therefore, upgrading of the TNM stage on the basis of VPI for such patients needs further verification.
